Hesi PN-Gerontology Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+

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Hesi PN-Gerontology Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+

• An older adult client is seen in the clinic for problems with urinary frequency,

urgency, and nocturia. The symptoms are an example of which condition?

• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Normal aging changes
• Side effect of the diuretic furosemide
• Partial obstruction of the urethra

Correct Answer: b. Normal aging changes

Rationale: Normal aging changes in the bladder are decreased capacity, increased irritability, and incomplete emptying; these changes lead to frequency, nocturia, urgency, and vulnerability to infection. The majority of UTIs in the older adult are asymptomatic.Classic signs of UTIs are fever, dysuria, and flank pain.

• When initially monitoring a client after a fall, which information should the practical

nurse (PN) communicate immediately to the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)

• Change in the level of consciousness
• Increasing muscular weakness
• Changes in pupil size bilaterally
• Progressive nuchal rigidity
• Onset of nausea and vomiting

Correct Answer: a. Change in the level of consciousness; e. Onset of nausea and

vomiting

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Rationale: A decrease or change in the level of consciousness is usually the first indication of neurological deterioration. Nausea and vomiting may also be present.

• The practical nurse (PN) working at an assisted living facility is visiting with a client

whose spouse died 8 months ago. Which behavior by the client suggests ineffective coping with the spouse's death?

• Frequently neglects to shower and shave.
• Insists on visiting the gravesite once a month.
• Joins an exercise class at the assisted living facility.
• Keeps their photo albums out and looks through them frequently.

Correct Answer: a. Frequently neglects to shower and shave.

Rationale: Ineffective coping is manifested by behaviors that may be physically or psychologically harmful to the individual. Neglecting personal hygiene is an example of ineffective coping.

• When observing an older client with dementia for symptoms of Sundowning

syndrome, it is most important that the practical nurse (PN) assesses for which finding?

• Observe for agitation at the end of the day.
• Perform a neurological and mental status examination.
• Monitor for medication side effects.
• Assess for decreased gross motor movement.

Correct Answer: a. Observe for agitation at the end of the day.

Rationale: Sundowning syndrome is a pattern of agitated behavior in the evening, believed to be associated with tiredness at the end of the day combined with fewer orienting stimuli, such as activities and interactions.

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• An older adult client tells the nurse "I do not understand how I could have a sexually

transmitted disease! My partner seems like such a nice, clean person." Which explanation should the nurse provide?

• Most people in your age are not interested in sexual relationships.
• You should have discussed this with your family before you started dating.
• Maybe you should go back to just holding hands and hugging on dates.
• Sexually transmitted diseases are possible to have at any age of your life.

Correct Answer: d. Sexually transmitted diseases are possible to have at any age of your life.Rationale: Sexually transmitted diseases are possible at any age. It is inappropriate, untrue, and ageist to comment that older adults are not interested in sexual relations. It is very judgmental for the nurse to suggest the older adult should have sought their family's input or that the older adult should stop having sexual relations.

• The nurse has reinforced education regarding safety aspects for antihypertensive

medication with an older adult. Which statement by the client best indicates learning has been effective?

• "I should rest in bed most of the day when I take this medication."
• "I will be sure to keep this medication out of the reach of children."
• "I will need to make sure that I take this medication with some food."
• "I will make sure that I stand up slowly if I have been sitting down."

Correct Answer: d. "I will make sure that I stand up slowly if I have been sitting down." Rationale: Older adults are particularly likely to develop orthostatic hypotension after taking medications to treat hypertension. It is not necessary for the older adult to stay in bed while taking this medication.

• The practical nurse (PN) assesses the older adult client's skin for signs of

breakdown and observes that the skin is intact. What interventions by the PN will help maintain healthy skin integrity?

• Keep the client well hydrated.

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• Remove adhesive tape quickly from the skin.
• Avoid creams or lotions to ensure that the skin stays dry.
• Scrub the perineum with a wet cloth after a bowel movement.

Correct Answer: a. Keep the client well hydrated.

Rationale: Keeping the client well hydrated helps prevent skin cracking and infection.

• An older adult client is being treated for toxicity related to medication use. When

reviewing the client's medical records, the nurse is most likely to find which factor is correlated with this problem?

• The client has forgotten to take several doses of medication.
• The client's white blood cell count has steadily increased.
• The client's liver function has decreased since last year.
• The client has gained 40 pounds (18.2 kg) over 3 years.

Correct Answer: c. The client's liver function has decreased since last year.

Rationale: With aging, liver function decreases, affecting drug metabolism and

detoxification. Forgetting to take doses of medication would not cause drug toxicity; excessive doses could cause toxicity.

• The oral temperature of a client with a urinary tract infection is 103° F. Which

intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement first?

• Instruct the client on proper hygienic practices.
• Observe the color or odor of urine.
• Recheck the temperature rectally.
• Encourage fluid intake.

Correct Answer: d. Encourage fluid intake.

Rationale: Fluids help to reduce fever as quickly and it is important to lower the temperature as soon as possible.