Developmental Bio 351 Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions Commitment - Correct Answers ✅A cell's developmental state has been restricted (even though its not overtly displayed) Specification - Correct Answers ✅first stage of commitment (reversible) cells can differentiate in a neutral environment determination - Correct Answers ✅the second, irreversible step of commitment
WILL BECOME DETERMINED CELL TYPE DESPITE
ENVIRONMENT
differentiation - Correct Answers ✅the generation of specialized cell types from committed precursors what are the two types of specification? - Correct Answers ✅autonomous specification conditional specification autonomous specification - Correct Answers ✅cells achieve fate by factors received from parent cells without receiving external signals 1 / 4
Developmental Bio 351 Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions
example: Progenitor trochoblast cells in snail Patella can be
removed to a dish • They will divide and then differentiate and make cilia in the correct developmental time conditional specification - Correct Answers ✅cells achieve fate on factors/ interaction from surrounding cells can be signals, cell - cell contact, physical environment
example: moving cells from back tissue to belly resulting in
back cells expressing as belly cells what is the correct order of developmental steps differentiation, specification, determination - Correct Answers ✅1. specification 2.determination 3.differentiation At what stage do you find embryonic stem cells? - Correct Answers ✅Blastula stage 2 / 4
Developmental Bio 351 Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions what are stem cells? - Correct Answers ✅an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.what are the two main characteristics of stem cells - Correct Answers ✅1.undifferentiated or unspecialized cells that can give rise to one or more specialized cells
- capable of self renewal over long periods of time (division
- stem cell can self renew or commit
asymmetrically or symmetrically) what is potency or potential? - Correct Answers ✅The ability of a stem cell to differentiate into different cell types.asymmetric division - Correct Answers ✅Single cell asymmetry
Population asymmetry -stem cell becomes two committed cells -but when added with another stem cell can result in two new stem cells Adult stem cell lineage -multipotent stem cell can self renew or commit -committed cell can renew or turn into progenitor cell 3 / 4
Developmental Bio 351 Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions
- which can then only turn into differentiated cells
- types of stem cells - Correct Answers ✅Embryonic or ES
- / 4
self renewal - Correct Answers ✅process of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same cell type totipotent - Correct Answers ✅capable of becoming any cell type (zygote) pluripotent - Correct Answers ✅capable of becoming several cell types (ES cell from blastocyst) multipotent - Correct Answers ✅capable of becoming more than one cell type
cells Adult or somatic- undifferentiated cell, found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ that can renew itself iPS or induced pluripotent stem cells- adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell Embryonic Stem Cells - Correct Answers ✅pluripotent (can become several different cell types)