WHAT IS EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE?

Test bank for Schmidt & Brown 4th Edition

Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses: Appraisal and

Application of Research

CHAPTER 1

WHAT IS EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE?

Multiple Choice 1.Which of the following is the best definition of research?

2.Critically thinking about problems that occur in health care to determine possible solutions.

1.Information that is based on personal experience or tradition.

2.Planned and systematic activity that leads to new knowledge and/or the discovery of solutions to problems or questions.

1.Trying a variety of approaches to a clinical problem and settling on the approach that is effective more often than not.Definition of research utilization ( p. 4) 2.Which of the following is the best definition of research utilization?

3.Applying research findings from individual studies to practice.

4.Analyzing multiple research studies to synthesize findings.

5.Appreciating the importance of clinical decision making.

6.Using previous personal experience to build confidence.Definition of EBP ( pp. 4-5) 3.Which of the following is the best definition of evidence-based practice ( EBP)?

4.Application of research findings based on scientific theories in a clinical setting. 1 / 4

5.Research studies that correspond to nationally established priorities for healthcare, conducted by experts in their fields.

• Use of theory-derived, research-based information in making decisions about

health care delivery, with consideration of individual needs and preferences and the clinical expertise of the provider.

• Using the individual health care provider’s perception of truth without

conscious attention or reasoning.Difference between research utilization and EBP ( pp. 4-5)

• Which of the following best describes the difference between research

utilization and EBP?

• Research utilization is a process of evaluating multiple studies for the most

generalizable findings; EBP is use of the most recent study on a topic.

• Research utilization involves changing practice based on findings of a single

research study; EBP is the syntheses of findings from multiple studies to incorporate with practitioner skills and client preference to determine best care.

• Research utilization is the application of research findings to health care

practice; EBP is considered in selecting medication options.

• Research utilization is review of research publications; EBP is using the

healthcare provider’s perception of what care would be best in individual situations.Evidence from other disciplines ( p. 6) 2 / 4

5.In what way can evidence from disciplines other than nursing be helpful?

6.Theory based non-nursing evidence can provide a basis on which to build new evidence.

• Non-nursing evidence supports the use of nursing knowledge obtained by trial

and error.

• Clinical decision making can be based on findings from single nonnursing

research studies.

• All evidence is equally important to the practice of nursing.

Identification of sources of evidence ( p. 6)

• You are a new nurse working at XYZ hospital. Your preceptor tells you to dangle

Ms.Jones’ legs on the side of the bed before you attempt to assist her to a chair. You ask your preceptor why this is done and she answers, “This is what we have always done, so go do it.” This is an example of which type of evidence?

1.Trial and error 2.Intuition 3.Borrowed evidence 4.Tradition Identification of sources of evidence (p. 6)

• You are a new nurse working at XYZ hospital. Your preceptor tells you to dangle

Ms.Jones’ legs on the side of the bed before you attempt to assist her to a chair. You ask your preceptor why this is done and she answers, “Because I said so.” This is an example of which type of evidence?

1.Intuition 2.Tradition 3.Authority 3 / 4

4.Borrowed evidence Identification of sources of evidence ( p. 6)

• Trial and error is not a preferred approach for delivering nursing care

because

• it is not based on systematic scientific approaches.
• it is not a sanctioned method by the American Nurses Association.
• it is based only on intuition and therefore not scientifically based.
• patient outcomes are always based only on level 1 evidence.

Identification of sources of evidence ( p. 8)

• Many nurses in clinical settings base nursing interventions on

information obtained from

• level 1 evidence.
• individual research studies.
• colleagues.
• the American Nurses Association.

Barriers to adopting EBP ( p. 8)

• Studies have shown that the reasons that nurses do not draw on

research are related to

• communication problems.
• individual and organizational factors.
• personal disinterest.
• rapid organizational changes.

Environment for EBP to flourish ( p. 11) 11.Which of the following promotes consistent EBP practice changes in an institution?

12.Clinical experts such as Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) should be the authority for any change in practices.

• Change champions are needed on each work shift to facilitate practice

changes.

1.Nurse managers must mandate research within healthcare institutions.

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