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WGU D236 Pathophysiology Study Guide
1.Describe how your body responds to an infection.: T cells produce
cy- tokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
2.Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities.: Mutations
in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
3.How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities?: Alterations
of DNA 4.Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions
affect wellbeing.: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or
dysrhythmias.
5.Explain RAAS: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstric- tion > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained. 1 / 4
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6.DKA: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
7.How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis: retain H and excrete HCO3
8.Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte?: Potassium
9.West Nile Virus: Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
10.Lyme disease: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdor- feri.
11.Erythema infectiosum: a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
12.Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with .:
Spina bifida
13.Trousseau's sign: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
14.Cause and sign of spina bifida: results from failure of neural tube to
close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
15.hemophilia is more common in: males 2 / 4
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16.Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes: ND-PAE, decreased brain
function, FAS
17.Connective vs muscle tissue disorders: Connective- RA, Scleroderma,
Lu- pus Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia 3 / 4
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18.Describe Lupus: Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain
and butter- fly rash
19.Describe Myasthenia Gravis: It is an autoimmune disorder where
antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
20.dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
21.eczema: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by
redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
22.decubitus ulcer: sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
23.Fungal infections: superficial, localized skin conditions or deep
tissue infec- tions caused by exposure to spores may or may not be transmitted
24.benign neoplasm: noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
25.malignant neoplasm: uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular
borders, spreads 26.Osteoporosis: The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the
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