WGU D094 TERMS AND CONCEPTS

WGU D094 TERMS AND CONCEPTS

COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT (LATEST 2024 / 2025 )

1. Describe the third stage of Piaget's Cognitive Theory of Development.: -

Concrete Operational Stage: 7-11yrs

-children think logically about concrete events -understand concept of conservation -begin using inductive logic or reasoning from specific information to a general principle -still struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts

• Describe the fourth stage in Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory: For- mal operational

stage: 12 and up

-begins thinking abstractly -teens think about moral, philosophical, ethical, social and political issues -begin to use deductive logic or reasoning from a general principle to specific info.-systematically plan for the future

• Define Schemas.: categories of knowledge that help us interpret and under- stand the

world

• Define Assimilation: process of taking in new info into our already existing schemas
• Define Accommodation: changing or altering our existing schemas in light of new

information - new schemas may be developed

• Define equilibration: maintain a balance between assimilation and accommodation
• How did Vygotsky view cognitive development?: -Most learning occurs via social

interaction -no general stages of development -establish opportunities for learners to interact w more skilled individuals -emphasized major role for language in cognitive dev

• Define Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD): Vygotsky's idea: describes the range of

tasks that an individual can complete while learning new information

• What are the first six stages in Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial development?: Trust v

Mistrust (birth-1yr) Autonomy v Shame and Doubt (1-3 yrs) Initiative v Guilt (3-6 yrs) Industry v Inferiority (6-12 yrs) Identity v Role Confusion (12-18 yrs) Intimacy v Isolation (20s-40s) 1 / 2

• Describe the first stage in Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development.-

: Trust v Mistrust: infants are dependent upon caregivers and only develop trust if cared for correctly

11. Describe Erikson's second stage of Psychosocial Development.: Autonomy

v. Shame and Doubt: 1-3 yrs

-show clear preferences, work to establish independence, "me do it"

• Describe Erikson's third stage of Psychosocial Development.: Initiative v Guilt: 3-6 yrs

-learn to plan and achieve goals while interacting with others -self confidence and purpose

• Define the fourth stage of Erikson's stages of Psychosocial Development.-

: Industry v. Inferiority: 6-12 yrs -compare themselves to peers to see how they measure up -develop a sense of pride in school, sports, family life, etc, or they will feel inferior

• Describe the fifth stage of Erikson's stages of Psychosocial Development.-

: Identity v. Role Confusion (12-18 yrs)

-main task: develop sense of self

-when successful, become adults who have a strong self-identity

• Describe Erikson's sixth stage of Psychosocial Development.: Intimacy v. Isolation (20s-

40s) -depending on previous stages, adults may have trouble developing successful relationships

• What are the 3 models that Bandura proposes for how people could learn new skills?: live

(live demonstration or model) verbal (action or behavior is described) symbolic (behavior is modeled through characters in media)

• Who believed learning is acquired through observation, imitation, and modeling?: Albert

Bandura

18. What are the three levels of Kohlberg's Stages of moral development?: -

Preconventional, conventional and postconventional

• Describe the preconventional level of Kohlberg's moral development.: a child's sense of

morality is externally controlled, has not focused on society's rules, worries about external consequences that actions might bring.

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