WGU D027 OA Exam Study Guide | 82 Questions And Answers cystic fibrosis Correct Ans ➡ effects pancreas, increased mucus Klinefelter syndrome Correct Ans ➡ A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome Turner Syndrome Correct Ans ➡ A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted.Alpha Thalassemia Correct Ans ➡ Severe anemia, do not give ferrous sulfate B and T cells Correct Ans ➡ Mature in bone marrow, the go to thymus/spleen/liver Lichen planus Correct Ans ➡ causes extreme itching Pityriasis Rosea Correct Ans ➡ Itchy patch-like rash in children actinic keratosis Correct Ans ➡ caused by UV exposure, precursor to squamous cell carcinoma Glucocorticoids Correct Ans ➡ Tx for cancers that arise from lymphoma tissue, can be toxicities with long term treatment Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) Correct Ans ➡ Tamoxifen; used for pts with hormone-receptor positive breast cancer after mastectomy Normal EF Correct Ans ➡ 55-60% Best way to look at structure/fxn of heart Correct Ans ➡ Echo Left sided heart failure Correct Ans ➡ affects pulmonary vasculature, increased JVP, S3, rales right sided heart failure Correct Ans ➡ 1. Jungular Vein Distention
- Ascending Dependent Edema
- Weight Gain
- Hepatomegaly (Liver Enlargement)
Stage 1 hypertension Correct Ans ➡ 130-139/80-89 Stage 2 hypertension Correct Ans ➡ >140 or >90 1 / 2
first line HTN drugs Correct Ans ➡ ACE-I ARB CCB Thiazide diuretics Ischemic heart disease Correct Ans ➡ Chest discomfort, physical exam normal; must take aspirin or another antithrombic EKG changes with MI Correct Ans ➡ ST elevation is usually MI, while ST depression is angina chronic bronchitis Correct Ans ➡ excess mucus production, chronic productive cough, smooth muscle hypertrophy Emphysema Correct Ans ➡ decrease in alpha1-antitrypsin Asthma Correct Ans ➡ Obstruction reversible! Know triggers, usually worse at night common ICS Correct Ans ➡ Budesonide, Fluticasone Common LABAs Correct Ans ➡ Salmeterol, Formoterol Back Pain Correct Ans ➡ Do not give narcotics/opioids; H&P is good for diagnosis if in first 4-6 wks of pain acromegaly Correct Ans ➡ overproduction of growth hormone Addison's disease Correct Ans ➡ a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone Hyperthyroidism Correct Ans ➡ Tx with PTU GFR in CKD Correct Ans ➡ Good >90, Stage 5 <15, need dialysis ACE inhibitors adverse effects Correct Ans ➡ cough, hyperkalemia, fetal injury, angioedema Beta blockers (beta adrenergic antagonist) Correct Ans ➡ Propanolol is nonselective, should not be used in patients with asthma; should be give to patients for 6 months after AMI Statins Correct Ans ➡ Muscle pain is an emergency -> rhabdo Hemoglobin A1C Correct Ans ➡ Goal <6.5%, poor>9%
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