WGU BioChem OA Review Questions & Answers Males and Females are equally affected The process of copying DNA in the lab. Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA Primers. Denaturing, Annealing, Elongating Denaturing (DNA is heated up to separate it) Cooling the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Primers stick to the DNA that you want to copy and ADD DNA Polymerase The Polymerase Chain Reaction is heated and DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides to build a new DNA strand. Ligase It is used to repair damage to bases caused by harmful molecules by removing the base that is damaged and replacing it. #1 GLYCOSYLASES see the damaged DNA. #2 DNA Polymerase puts the right one back #3 DNA Ligase seals it. DNA Glycolysase sees the damage and removes it, DNA polymerase puts the tight base back, DNA ligase seals it back up. How many nucleotides does base excision repair remove? Mismatch Repair (MMR). It is the only one to occur during REPLICATION - DURING THE PROOFREADING Mismatch Repair (MMR) repairs errors such as G with T instead of G with C.DNA Polymerase fixes it. This happens during replication and MMR removes a large section of the nucleotide from the DNA and DNA Polymerase tries again. When DNA polymerase takes an individual nucleotide and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. (it must bind with RNA primer to What is DNA Transcription? CLEANS damage caused by things such as UV rays and repairs it. A large section of nucleotides are removed, including the damaged portion, along with a few on each side. It is then replaced by DNA polymerase. It repairs double stranded breaks (last effort) by copying another strand of DNA and replacing it completely. Another last effort to repair a double strand break by putting the ends back together before making sure they are correctly copied. This can lead to deletions/insertions (frameshift mutations). It must bind to RNA primer
work). ie: DNA Polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA