UNCG BIO 277 FINAL EXAM

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UNCG BIO 277 FINAL EXAM

REVIEW QUESTIONS WIT H 100%

CORRECT ANSWER S

Question : Signals that affect nearby target cells after

diffusing through interstitial fluid but not blood are...

CORRECT ANSWER : paracrine signals

Question : The regulation of hear rate is an example of

____ control involving ____ signal-receptor combinations.

CORRECT ANSWER : antagonistic; at least two

Question : Glucose enters the interstitial epithelial cells

by _____ and exits those cells by ___.

CORRECT ANSWER : secondary active transport;

facilitated diffusion

Question : Steroid hormones initiate responses in target-

cells by activating...

CORRECT ANSWER : gene transcription

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Question : Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) is

released from where?

CORRECT ANSWER : hypothalamus

Question : Oxytocin is released in direct response to

what?

CORRECT ANSWER : mechanical stimulation of the

nipple

Question : Graded potentials are _____ in strength.

CORRECT ANSWER : variable

Question : Delivery of a drug that increases permeability

of neuronal membranes to calcium would cause the neurons to do what?

CORRECT ANSWER : depolarize

Question : At an ion's equilibrium potential, the net

movement of that ion across the membrane is zero since

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the energy of its concentration gradient is ____ the voltage difference.

CORRECT ANSWER : exactly offset by

Question : The release of neurotransmitter molecules

from an axon terminal is induced most directly by what?

CORRECT ANSWER : calcium ions entering the

cytosol

Question : Neurotransmitters are released by the

membrane of axon terminals by the process of ____, and the neurotransmitters act as _____ signals when they bind with receptors on the next neuron in the pathway.

CORRECT ANSWER : exocytosis; paracrine

Question : Increased levels of carbon dioxide near

working cells causes the local ____ of systemic arterioles, and the ____ pH decreases the affinity of the local hemoglobin for oxygen.

CORRECT ANSWER : dilation; decreased

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Question : Hyper ventilation ____ the amount of CO2 in

the blood, thus _____ plasma pH.

CORRECT ANSWER : decreases; increasing

Question : At high altitude, low concentration of oxygen

in the blood promotes the release of ____, which has receptors in the _____.

CORRECT ANSWER : erythropoietin; bone marrow

Question : The process of inhalation occurs when ____

and the diaphragm is _____.

CORRECT ANSWER : Palv

Question : Of the factors that influence diffusion of

respiratory gases, the most variable in a healthy individual, and, therefore, the most important factor to consider is what?

CORRECT ANSWER : gas concentration gradient