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UAMS HEMATOLOGY EXAM 1
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Question: What is the study of blood cell formation,
destruction, maturation, and number of blood cells which can vary with disease or infection?
CORRECT ANSWER : Hematology
Question: What is the most common specimen of
hematology?
CORRECT ANSWER : Blood, that may be clotted or
anticoagulated with EDTA, heparin, or sodium citrate
Question: What are the types of normal blood cells?
CORRECT ANSWER : RBCs or erythrocytes, platelets
or thrombocytes (PLT), WBCs or leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes which include banded or segmented neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils
Question: What is CBC and what does it count?
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CORRECT ANSWER : Complete blood count. RBCs,
WBCs, platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit
Question: What does MCV stand for? MCH? MCHC?
What causes MCH and MCHC to be increased or decreased?
CORRECT ANSWER : Mean cell volume measures the
size of RBCs. Mean cell hemoglobin measures the weight of hemoglobin in RBCs. Mean cell hemoglobin content measures the average concentration of hemoglobin within RBCs. MCH and MCHC are increased with macrocytic anemia and decreased with microcytic anemia
Question: What is white cell differential? (diff)
CORRECT ANSWER : It categorizes cells in a 100-cell
differential based on their maturity levels, to determine if a disease or infection is present
Question: What are the organs of the RES and what is
their function?
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CORRECT ANSWER : Spleen, liver, thymus, lymph
nodes, and bone marrow. The RES is a network of cells within these tissues that help with the formation and destruction of RBCs to fight infection and prevent bleeding, the metabolism of iron to give to RBCs to carry oxygen through hemoglobin, inflammation, and immunity
Question: What is one of the largest organs in the body
and where is it found? Is the site of active bone marrow always the same?
CORRECT ANSWER : Bone marrow, found within the
cavities of cortical bones where the trabecular bone is also found. In utero and at birth, most bones contain red bone marrow. At age 7, sites of bone marrow begin to decrease and are restricted to proximal long bones, vertebrate, skull, sternum, ribs, and pelvis. Adults have
50:50 ratio of red to yellow bone marrow
Question: What are the types of bone marrow? What is
the composition of red bone marrow?
CORRECT ANSWER : There are two types of bone
marrow. Red that is actively producing RBCs, and yellow
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that is inactive, mainly composed of fat cells. Red bone marrow is composed of extravascular cords that contain all blood cell lineages, stem cells, progenitor cells, adventitial cells, and macrophages. The cords are semi liquid and wedged between sinuses, supported by trabeculae
Question: How does red bone marrow receive blood
supply?
CORRECT ANSWER : Periosteal arteries that wrap
around the central vein supply blood. The periosteal arteries branch out to form capillaries and sinuses which hook up to larger veins to return the blood to circulation
Question: How are cells released from the bone marrow?
What are measures the body can take if RBCs aren't able to be supplied fast enough?
CORRECT ANSWER : The cells are released as the
body needs them. RBCs are kept at a steady rate.Adventitial cells forming a discontinuous line along the sinus will retract allowing the RBCs to exit into