TMC EXAM: Questions & Answers
Romazicon (flumazenil) (Ans- -antidote for benzodiazepines such as -GABA receptor antagonist
- It can treat drowsiness caused by sedatives following surgery or drug
overdose.
Which of the following can be used to estimate the level of Hemoglobin?(Ans- RBC -RBC X 3 = hemoglobin
with the use of pressure control the most important alarm is (Ans- low volume -because the ventilator does not care about volume, the practitioner must.
The most important alarm on a volume-cycled ventilator would be (Ans- high pressure alarm
Which of the following would be most effective at resolving a humidity deficit for a patient who is intubated with an 8.0-mm endotracheal tube (Ans- wick or concha
Which of the following would be most helpful for a patient with fixed upper airway obstruction?
- beta II agonist medication
- heliox therapy
- aerosolized epinephrine
- corticosteroids
(Ans- B. heliox therapy 1 / 4
Heliox therapy is most appropriate. Helium, when combined with oxygen, is less viscous than pure oxygen or room air, which is made up mostly of nitrogen. This allows patients to breathe in gases with less airway resistance.-fixed obstruction means it cannot be resolved simply with bronchodilators or other immediate methods.
which one should be treated first, ventilation or oxygenation (Ans- ventilation
the patient is over oxygenating AND hyperventilating which one should you treat first?(Ans- over oxygenation -To address over-oxygenation one can either change the PEEP or the FIO2. You will always want to lower the FIO2 below 60% before changing PEEP.
ways to decrease CO2 (Ans- increase the Vt increase the rate remove dead space
What would occur on a time-cycled ventilator with a fixed rate if the inspiratory flow rate were increased?
- increase in tidal volume
- decrease in inspiratory time
- decrease in tidal volume
- increase in inspiratory time
(Ans- A. increased in tidal volume On a time-cycled ventilator inspiratory time is predetermined. So, if the flow rate is increased while the mandatory rate is unchanged, the result would be an increase in tidal volume. 2 / 4
Which of the following is the most significant complication of bronchoscopy?
- laryngospasms
- hypotension
- vagal nerve stimulation
- coughing
(Ans- A. laryngospasm -This tendency may be reduced by administering aerosolized Lidocaine or any other tissue numbing agent prior to the procedure.
What is the respiratory therapist observing if monitoring the total amount of gas exhaled in 60 seconds after excluding dead space?
- minute ventilation
- dead space ventilation
- alveolar minute ventilation
- maximum voluntary ventilation
(Ans- c. alveolar minute ventilation Examining the breathing rate over a period of 60 seconds and multiplying it times the tidal volume gives you minute ventilation. If deadspace is subtracted from that volume then what is being observed is alveolar minute ventilation.
education and direction for the performance of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) therapy (Ans- Proper instructions for the use of a PEP therapy device includes "inhaling deeply and exhaling actively".
equations to determine cardiac output (Ans- fick equation co= SVxHR 3 / 4
Which of the following would result in an increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?
- decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
- cor pulmonale
- dehydration
- mitral valve stenosis
(Ans- D. mitral valve stenosis If mitral valve stenosis is present, blood would have difficulty transitioning the left ventricle. This would result in a backup pressure occurring and an elevation of the PCWP.
A patient is on 70%/30% heliox therapy by nonrebreathing mask. If flowing through an oxygen flow meter, what is the actual flow of the mixture if the flow meter indicates 10 L/min?
- 5 L/min
- 8 L/min
- 18 L/min
- 16 L/min
- / 4
(Ans- D. 16 When helium-oxygen mixtures are run through flow meters that are intended for oxygen only, the indicated flow on the flow meter is inaccurate.This is because the helium-oxygen mixture is less viscous and does not push the indicator ball up as much as does oxygen. In this case, a correction factor must be used depending upon the mixture percentage.For an 80/20% mixture a correction factor of 1.8 must be used. A 70/30% mixture has a correction factor of 1.6 and a 60/40% mixture has a correction factor of 1.4. In this problem the 70/30% mixture factor of 1.6 must be multiplied by the indicated flow on the oxygen flow meter to calculate actual total gas flow. When we do this we get a total gas flow of 16 L/min.