Test Bank for Social Psychology - 14 - Myers - Chapter 01:

Test Bank for Social Psychology - 14 - Myers - Chapter 01:

1) Social psychology is defined as the scientific study of how people

• motivate, persuade, and interact with one another.
• think about, influence, and relate to one another.
• manipulate, use, and betray one another.
• conform, help, and form attitudes about one another.

2) The attributions a person makes for his or her spouse's acid remark depends on the happiness of his or her marriage. What concept does this portray?

• Social behavior is a function of what we believe.
• Social behavior is a function of an individual's general attitude in relation to his or her

environment.

• Social behavior is a function of how a situation is handled.
• Social behavior is a function of an objective situation and how it is construed.

3) Iman attributes the hostile behavior of her best friend, David, to the relationship problems he has with his wife. Which of the following statements represents this scenario?

• Social beliefs can be self-fulfilling.
• Self-efficacy leads one to persist during challenging times.
• People attribute negative outcomes to their internal factors.
• Illusory optimism increases one's vulnerability.

4) Identify a true statement about social psychology.

• Compared with personality psychology, social psychology focuses more on the

differences between individuals.

• Compared with sociology, social psychology focuses more on individuals.
• Compared with sociology, social psychology performs less experiments.
• Compared with personality psychology, social psychology focuses less on how

people view and affect one another.

5) Which of the following topics is NOT an example of what a social psychologist might study?

• love
• conformity
• intelligence
• attitudes

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Test Bank for Social Psychology - 14 - Myers - Chapter 01:

6) According to social psychology, objective reality

• is constant.
• does not exist.
• is an unchanging set of perceptions.
• is always viewed through the lens of our values and beliefs.

7) In the context of social psychology, identify a true statement about intuitions.

• Intuitions require one to adopt the approach of conscious reasoning.
• Intuitions are also known as conscious information processing.
• Intuitions are routinely powerful and sometimes perilous.
• Intuitions depend on objective reality rather than subjective reality.

8) Which of the following is an example of how our attitudes and behavior are shaped by external social forces?

• Our personality disposition affects our choices.
• Our inherited human nature predisposes us to react in certain ways.
• Our political attitudes influence our voting behavior.
• Our standards regarding promptness, openness, and clothing vary across different

cultures.

9) Identify a true statement about attitudes and personality.

• They influence behavior.
• They are the results of an individual's own understanding of the world.
• They are primary motivators for action.
• They are inherited biologically.

10) When examining topics such as dating rituals and mating behaviors, evolutionary psychologists ask how natural selection might

• shape our actions.
• change our attitudes.
• account for similarities in our behaviors.
• reinforce our attitudes.

11) Identify a true statement about social psychology.

• It answers one's ultimate questions about life.
• It helps in the understanding of the purpose of life.
• It is about beliefs, attitudes, and relationships.
• It helps in understanding an individual's ultimate destiny.

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Test Bank for Social Psychology - 14 - Myers - Chapter 01:

12) A social psychologist's personal convictions about what is desirable and how people ought to behave are known as their

• intuitions.
• hypotheses.
• values.
• memoirs.

13) What is the interdisciplinary field that explores the neural bases of social and emotional processes and behaviors, and how those processes and behaviors affect our brain and biology?

• social neuroscience
• cognitive sociology
• neurobehaviorism
• meta-sociology

14) The tendency to exaggerate one's ability to have foresaw how something turned out, only after learning the outcome, is known as

• regressive bias.
• information bias.
• omission bias.
• hindsight bias.

15) When Pahlavi is asked who she thinks will win the next presidential election, she replies that she does not know. However, after the election results are declared, she claims that it was obvious all along who the winner of the election will be. In the context of social psychology, this scenario illustrates

• distinction bias.
• automation bias.
• optimism bias.
• hindsight bias.

16) Errors in both judging the future's foreseeability and in remembering our past together to create

• information bias.
• hindsight bias.
• prediction bias.
• retrospective bias.

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Test Bank for Social Psychology - 14 - Myers - Chapter 01:

17) In the context of social psychology, identify an example of hindsight bias.

• Dominic is unsure about his exam results, but later when he learns that he passed the

exam he claims to have known all along that he would score well.

• Soriya, a researcher, pays more attention to a single piece of information rather than

all available data in her research study.

• Ashanti decides to join a prestigious college because his friends are doing so.
• Elahej, a homemaker, believes that her son will play soccer well because he is also

good in studies.

18) Diya and Pierre are the candidates to lead their school's basketball team. Diya knows that Pierre will be selected as the team captain as he is a better player than she is. However, Diya is selected as the team captain because Pierre is unable to turn up on the day of the selection.Later, Diya boasts to her friends that she knew it all along that she will be selected as the team captain. In the context of social psychology, this scenario exemplifies a phenomenon called

• confirmation bias.
• outcome bias.
• hindsight bias.
• anchoring bias.

19) Theories formed from testable predictions are called

• assumptions.
• hypotheses.
• ideologies.
• values.

20) A theory is

• an agreed-upon statement.
• a summary that explains facts.
• untestable.
• less than fact.

21) A _____ is an integrated set of principles that can explain and predict observed events.

• theory
• hypothesis
• fact
• correlation
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