Test 3: BIOS252 / BIOS 252 (Latest
Update 2024 / 2025) Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab | Study Guide Review | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
What effect does low ACTH have on aldosterone levels?
Answer:
Low ACTH leads to low levels of aldosterone.
Question:
How does low aldosterone affect sodium (Na+) reabsorption?
Answer:
Low aldosterone reduces sodium reabsorption.
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Question:
What happens to sodium (Na+) levels when aldosterone is low?
Answer:
Sodium levels decrease when aldosterone is low.
Question:
What is the result of reduced sodium reabsorption on potassium (K+) levels?
Answer:
Reduced sodium reabsorption leads to increased potassium levels, causing hyperkalemia.
Question:
No Na+/K+ exchange; the inside of the cell is negative relative to the outside.
Answer:
polarized (resting state)
Question:
Na+ influx (sodium enters the cell), leading to a positive charge inside the cell, which triggers muscle contraction.
Answer:
Depolarized (Action potential initiation)
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Question:
K+ efflux (potassium exits the cell), restoring the negative internal charge and leading to muscle relaxation.
Answer:
Repolarization (restoration of resting state)
Question:
How does aldosterone affect sodium (Na+) levels in the body?
Answer:
Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to hypernatremia (higher Na+ levels in the body).
Question:
What is the effect of aldosterone on potassium (K+) levels?
Answer:
Increases K+ excretion, leading to hypokalemia (lower K+ levels in the body).
Question:
If normal -> Aldosterone will do: Na+ reabsorption increases Na+ in my body
(hypernatremia) K+ excretion decrease K+ (hypokalemia
Answer:
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Question:
What is the relationship between sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) in the body?
Answer:
They have an inverse relationship: if Na+ is reabsorbed, K+ is excreted, and
vice versa.
Question:
What happens to water when sodium (Na+) is reabsorbed?
Answer:
Water follows sodium and is also reabsorbed, leading to increased blood volume and blood pressure.
Question:
What is the effect of water retention on blood pressure?
Answer:
Increased water retention increases blood volume, which raises blood pressure (BP).
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