MPH 6011 - Lecture 6 In comparing the 2016 age-adjusted death rates for women with breast cancer in North Carolina to women with breast cancer in California in 2016, the combined populations of North Carolina and California for 2010 can be used as the standard population. - Correct Answers ✅True The all-cause mortality rates in Florida and Utah are compared using age-adjusted rates based on the age distribution of the 2019 Florida population. What is the standard population used in this example? - Correct Answers ✅2019 Florida population Indirect standardization using the Standardized Mortality Ratio is commonly used to identify excess mortality in occupational cohorts because the age-specific mortality rates within occupational groups is usually unknown. - Correct Answers ✅True Why do age-adjusted rates need to be use when comparing rates across time and populations? - Correct Answers ✅different populations have different age distributions What is the goal of public health surveillance? - Correct Answers ✅To keep the public aware of new diseases A surveillance case definition is a set of uniform criteria that allows counting and classifying cases consistently across counties and states. - Correct Answers ✅True 1 / 2
MPH 6011 - Lecture 6 Annual surveillance data from State A indicate a marked increase in reported cases of a mosquito-borne viral illness in 2017 compared to each of the previous 10 years. What could account for the observed increase in cases? - Correct Answers ✅Change in surveillance technique such as moving from passive to active surveillance Change in case definition that leads to a spike in reporting An actual increase in viral illness (outbreak) Prior to 2017, hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg. Beginning in 2017, hypertension is now defined as systolic blood pressure of ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg. Which of the following is true? - Correct Answers ✅The US adult prevalence of hypertension in 2017 will be higher than in 2016 Surveillance data and data from nationally representative surveys of health that are conducted on an annual basis (e.g., NHANES) share the following characteristics EXCEPT. - Correct Answers ✅Data are only collected on individuals who actually have the condition Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that can be used to describe health events by person? - Correct Answers ✅age, gender, race, smoking status, income
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