NSG 5003 Advanced Pathophysiology (South University) Questions and Correct Answers Latest Version 2023 2024 Guaranteed Success -lysis - Correct Answerdestruction
acid-base balance - Correct Answerequilibrium between acid and base concentrations in the body fluids
Acidosis - Correct AnswerpH < 7.5, there is too much acid in the body fluids, Acidosis occurs when acid builds up or when bicarbonate (a base) is lost. Acidosis is classified as either respiratory or metabolic acidosis
Acidosis occurs when - Correct Answerthe plasma concentration of H ions exceeds the normal range
action potential - Correct Answerthe change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or nerve cell.
Activation of inflammation and immunity - Correct Answeroccurs after cellular injury or infection involving powerful biochemicals & proteins capable of damaging normal (uninjured & uninfected) cells
Adaptive cellular responses - Correct AnswerTissue goes through changes because of noxious stimuli (environmental changes/injury) - it becomes tissue that can withstand the stimuli
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Correct Answercompound used by cells to store and release energy
Age related changes - Correct Answerphysiological events due to increasing age, which affect drug responses
Alkalosis - Correct AnswerpH > 7.45, when your body has too many bases, decreased carbon dioxide (an acid) level or increased bicarbonate (a base) level makes the body too alkaline
Amphipathic molecules are - Correct Answermolecules that contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is referred to as a/an - Correct Answermitochondrion
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Anabolism - Correct AnswerMetabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
Apoptosis - Correct Answerprocess of programmed cell death
atrophy - Correct Answerto waste away
Buffers - Correct Answermixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a particular range
Calcium - Correct Answera necessary ion in the structure of bones and teeth, in blood clotting, in hormone secretion and the function of cell receptors, and in membrane stability
Catabolism - Correct AnswerMetabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.
Cell injury mechanisms - Correct Answer-free radical formation -hypoxia & ATP depletion -intra-cellular calcium accumulation
Cells are held together by three different means: - Correct Answer(1) the extracellular membrane, (2) cell adhesion molecules in the cell's plasma membrane, and (3) specialized cell junctions.
Cells communicate in three main ways - Correct Answer(1) they form protein channels (gap junctions); (2) they display receptors that affect intracellular processes or other cells in direct physical contact; and (3) they use receptor proteins inside the target cell.
cellular receptors - Correct Answerprotein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
Deprivation of essential nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins) can cause - Correct Answercellular injury by altering cellular structure and function, particularly of the transport mechanisms, chromosomes, nucleus, and DNA.
Differentiation - Correct Answer(maturation) process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
Diffusion - Correct AnswerMovement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Dysplasia - Correct Answer(aka atypical hyperplasia) abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
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