SOC 200 FINAL EXAM 3 (Latest 2023 / 2024)
GRADED A+ Questions & Answers
what kinds of practices can lead to an excess of males?
Answer: an unfavorable sex ratio- more women than men--> men desperate
to find wife and cherish her forever (example: Magic Flute) Sex ratios are not
traits of individuals, they are social structure. Guttentag studied in depth about
sex ratios. some reasons for the unbalanced ratios:
Geographical Mobility: periods of rapid and large-scale migration or
immigration. (young men depart in pursuit of economic opportunity, leaving the women behind.)
Female infanticide
Answer: the most major cause. most human societies have developed a system
of killing a substantial proportion of female infants
health and diet
Answer: less adequate diet for females
Differential life-expectancy
Answer: in most societies, women outlive men. but it used to be that men
outlived women, leaving excess of men
War
Answer: men go to war and die
Sexual practices
Answer: extreme excess of male births among Orthodox Jews. similar
patterns exist or have existed in other cultures
when women are in short supply, they have the dyadic power. explain: -
dyadic power: the capacity of each member of a dyad to impose his or her
will on the other member is called dyadic power. A social circumstance that can greatly influence dyadic power is the sex ratio within which a dyad is located. Guttentag and Secord explained: in an opposite sex relationship, the 1 / 2
individual member whose sex is in short supply has a stronger position and is less dependent on the partner because of the larger number of alternative relationships available to him or her. When women are in short supply, they can select from among several suitors who must vie for their affection. (micro level) which theory explains dyadic power? (ch. 3): Rational choice theory: maxi- mize rewards and minimize cost. when faced with choices, humans try to select the most rational choice, defined as the one that will yield them the maximum benefit. Humans will tend to maximize When women are in short supply, men have the structural power. explain- : the macro-level sociological part of it. structural power: power based on statuses within social structures. if men lack dyadic power, they have the structural power. This means they are basically in charge of society etc..."organize yourselves to protect yourself in dyadic relationships" When women are in short supply, men will do things such as croon from beneath their window or send poetry or even duel one another.which theory explains structural power? (ch. 4): conflict theory: organized activities of gender groups. this is the ways that the groups shape social structures to serve their own interests.
according to guttenberg and Secord, how to males use structural power to limit their disadvantages in dyadic power where there is a regular, long-term excess
of males?: Since men historically lack the dyadic power, so they have been
motivated to shape the rules governing status to favor them. These organized efforts have led to the elaborate culture of traditional sex roles. these rules basically limit the dyadic power of women. limits the ability of women to
form additional dyadic relations. some of these norms include:
-brides shall be virgins: reduces margins which women can form alternative
dyads -wives shall be chaste. reduces options outside the dyad once it is found -women shall devote themselves to the roles of wife and mother. tends to discour- age divorce/pursuit of careers outside of marriage -defining women as temperamentally unsuited to positions of power and authority, which facilitates male control of laws as well as customs
what are some of the key reasons, other than sex discriminations, for the
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