SOC 200 FINAL EXAM 2 (Latest 2023 / 2024)
GRADED A+ Questions & Answers
Deviance is any behavior, belief or condition that violates significant social norms in the society of group in which it occurs. Some forms of deviant behavior violate the criminal law, which defines the behaviors that society labels as criminal (like robbing a bank). Sociologists are interested in what types of behavior are defined by societies as "deviant," who does that defin- ing, how individuals become deviant, and how those individuals are dealt with by society.Answer: 6- LO1: Define deviance and explain when deviant behavior is considered a crime
Functionalist perspectives on deviance include strain theory and oppor- tunity theory. Strain theory focuses on the idea that when people are denied legitimate access to cultural goals, such as a good job or a nice home, they may engage in illegal behavior to obtain them. Opportunity theory suggests that for deviance to occur, people must have access to illegitimate means to acquire what they want but cannot obtain through legitimate means.Answer: 6- LO2: Identify and compare the key functionalist perspectives on deviance
Conflict theorists who focus on power relations in society suggest that the lifestyles considered deviant by political and economic elites are often defined as illegal. Marxist conflict theorists link deviance and crime to the capitalist society, which divides people into haves and have-nots, leaving crime as the only source of support for those at the bottom of the economic ladder. Feminist approaches to deviance focus on the relationship between gender and deviance.Multiracial feminist approaches have examined how the intersecting systems of race, class, and gender act as "structuring forces" that affect how people act, what opportunities they have available, and how their behavior is socially defined. 1 / 2
Answer: 6- LO3: State the key ideas of con- flict explanations of deviance and crime that focus on power relations, capitalism, feminism, and the intersection of race, class, and gender According to symbolic interactionists, deviance is learned through inter- action with others. Differential association theory states that individuals have a greater tendency to deviate from societal norms when they frequently associate with persons who tend towards deviance instead of conformity. According to social control theories, everyone is capable of committing crimes, but social bonding (attachments to family and to other social insti- tutions) keeps many from doing so. According to labeling theory, deviant behavior is that which is labeled deviant by those in powerful positions.Answer: 6- LO4: Explain these symbolic interactionist perspectives on
deviance: differential association theory, social bond theory, and labeling
theory -Violent crime consists of actions involving force of the threat of force against others.-Property crimes include burglary, motor vehicle theft, larceny-theft, and arson.-Public order crimes involve an illegal action voluntarily engaged in by the participants, such as prostitution.-Occupational crime comprises illegal activities committed by people in the course of their employment or financial affairs.-Corporate crime consists of illegal acts committed by corporate employees on behalf of the corporation and with its support.-Internet crime includes FBI-related scams, identify theft, advance fee fraud, non auction/nondelivery of merchandise, or overpayment fraud.-Organized crime is a business operation that supplies illegal goods and services for profit.-Political crime refers to illegal or unethical acts involving the usurpation of power by government officials or illegal/unethical acts perpetrated against the government by outsiders seeking to make a political statement, under- mine the government, or overthrow it.: 6- LO6: Define the following types of
crime: violent crime, property crime, public order crime, occupational and
corporate crime, Internet crime, organized crime, and political crime
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