Research and Public Health Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) What is research? An organized and systematic way of Finding Answers to questions. - Correct Answers ✅Systematic- definite set of procedures and steps to follow Organized - structure and method to conducting research. It is a planned procedure that is focused and limited to a specific scope.Finding answers- this is the goal of research Questions- central to research. Research is focused on relevant, useful and important questions. W/O a question research has no focus, drive or purpose.What are some characteristics of research? - Correct Answers ✅Research originates with a question or a problem (people want to know) requires a clear articulation of a goal ( what problem do you want to solve) It follows a specific plan of procedure Divides the principle problem into more manageable sub problems Guided by a hypothesis( specific problem or question) Accepts certain critical assumptions Requires the collection and interpretation of data in an attempt to resolve the problem that initiated the research It is by nature, cyclical( rarely conclusive, begets more research) 1 / 3
Research and Public Health Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) What is evidence based care? - Correct Answers ✅Integration of clinical expertise, patient values, and the best research evidence available in the decision making process for patient care.Steps to utilizing evidence based care in practice - Correct Answers ✅Assess the patient ( start with patient- a clinical problem or question arises from the care of the patient Ask the Question( construct a well built clinical question from the case) Acquire the evidence ( select appropriate resources and conduct a search) Appraise the evidence ( for validity- closeness to truth, and applicability- usefulness in clinical practice
Apply : Talk with Patient( return to the patient- integrate the
evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences and apply it to the practice What are the components of a good patient question? " PICO"
- Correct Answers ✅Patient, Population or Problem ( How
would describe a group of patients similar to yours? What are the most important characteristics of the patient? ( ex.primary problem, co-existing conditions, socio-demographic characteristics 2 / 3
Research and Public Health Final Exam Study Guide Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Intervention or Indicator( What is the management factor, diagnostic test or exposure you are interested in?(meds, food, surgical procedure, diagnostic test or exposure?) Comparison ( What is the main alternative to compare the intervention ?) - all clinical questions have a comparison Outcome( What can you hope to accomplish, measure, improve of affect? What are you trying to do for the patient?What are the patient related consequences of intervention?Most common types of patient questions- - Correct Answers ✅Diagnosis- how to select and interpret diagnostic tests Therapy- how to select most effective treatments Prognosis- How to estimates patients likely clinical course over time and anticipate any likely complications of disease Harm/ Etiology -how to identify causes of the disease Questions to ask to critique evidence in evidence based care?
- Correct Answers ✅How do I know if I can use the
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evidence? Do my clients have this clinical problem?, Do my clients manifest the problem in the same manner as the described in the article? Are there any differences between my clients and the research participants?, Do my clients have co- morbid conditions that are contraindications for the treatment suggested? Are there economic or social factors that could impact client compliance?, Is the treatment/ evidence in my client's best interest?, Are there potential