NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm Quiz Module 5 Diuretics, RAAS Drugs, Cardiac Drugs, HF,Hypertension, Dysrhythmias How do all diuretics work? - CORRECT ANSWER Blocks sodium and chloride reabsorption in the kidney, causing water, sodium and chloride to be excreted in the urine from the body, along with potassium.When is the best time to give a diuretic medication? - CORRECT ANSWER in the morning, so the patient does not have to get up at night to go pee.What things should we monitor when giving a patient any diuretic? - CORRECT ANSWER electrolyte imbalances and for fluid volume deficit (sodium- seizures and cerebral edema, potassium- can cause EKG changes) What are diuretics normally used to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER fluid volume overload, hypertension, heart failure, renal and liver failure, lowers peripheral edema and pulmonary edema What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics? - CORRECT ANSWER they pull water into the renal system from the surrounding tissues, and produces rapid diuresis. 1 / 2
What are osmotic diuretics used to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER renal failure, reduce ICP, treat cerebral edema, reduce IOP.What are the side effects of osmotic diuretics? - CORRECT ANSWER pulmonary edema,HF, rebound increased ICP, metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances What are important drug interactions with osmotic diuretics? - CORRECT ANSWER lithium and digoxin - can be toxic What should we use when administering an osmotic diuretic through the IV? - CORRECT ANSWER filter- this medication can crystalize when exposed to lower temperatures.What is the mechanism of action for K sparing diuretics? - CORRECT ANSWER binds to aldosterone receptors to promote Na and water excretion, but will also cause potassium to be retained.What are K sparing diuretics used to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER hypertension, HF, pediatric HF, hyperaldosteronism ( binds to aldosterone to excrete it), edema What are the side effects for K sparing diuretics? - CORRECT ANSWER hyperkalemia, drowsiness, benign and malignant tumors, endocrine effects
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