PAEA EOC & Summative Practice | Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
Question : what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease
of thromboangiitis obliterans?
Correct answer: aka Buerger's disease
inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels (nonatherosclerosis) polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant cells may be presen
Question : Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans?
Correct answer: smoking cessation most important!
cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated symptoms) if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
Question : what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of
reduction in morbidity and mortality?
Correct answer: ACE inhibitors
beta blockers can also reduce M&M diuretics have no reduction in mortality
Question : how would you manage a patient with a MI in the
setting of cocaine use?
Correct answer: benzodiazepine early
no beta blockers
Question : If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within
120 minutes, what should be done?
Correct answer: fibrolytic therapy
then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
Question : If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to
arterial embolism, what imaging should you get?
Correct answer: catheter-based arteriography (digital
subtraction arteriography) provides the most useful information. can also help with treatment
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
Question : where are arterial emboli often found?
Correct answer: lower extremities more common than upper
extremities The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are frequent locations majority originate in the heart
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are
less likely to produce symptoms of acute limb ischemia
Question : how would you work up a patient with treatment
resistant hypertension that you suspect a secondary cause?
Correct answer: 24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure
not white coat) medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds) physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits) labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and
catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection
Question : other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery
stenosis and secondary HTN, what is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN?
Correct answer: fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young
pt)
Question : most important modifable risk factor for AAA?
Correct answer: smoking cessation!
Question : when is it okay to do screening survelliance for
AAA rather than repair and how often should you screen?
Correct answer: if AAA is <5.5 cm then annual screening
with US is recommended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding or other concerns
Question : how should you educate a patient with AAA on
exercise?
Correct answer: Patients should be counseled that moderate
physical activity such as running, biking, swimming, hiking,