Probiotics MCB6424 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions The microorganisms that live in an established environment -commensal -symbiotic -pathogenic - Correct Answers ✅Microbiota The full complement of microbes, their genes, and genomes in a particular environment - Correct Answers ✅Microbiome The gut microbiome contains ___ cells - Correct Answers ✅200 trillion The gut microbiome has __ times the number of human cells in the body - Correct Answers ✅10 The gut microbiome is ___ times larger than the human genome - Correct Answers ✅150 Which part of the GI tract has the highest density of microbiota? - Correct Answers ✅Colon (10^11-10^12 cfu/mL) Which part of the GI tract has the lowest density of microbiota? - Correct Answers ✅Stomach and duodenum (10-10^3 cfu/mL) 1 / 3
Probiotics MCB6424 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions The gut microbiota is __% of our total body mass - Correct Answers ✅1-3%
T/F: humans and animals are usually germfree in utero -
Correct Answers ✅True (this concept is has changed recently) when does colonization of microbes occur in and on the body? - Correct Answers ✅right after birth The type of microbiota that establish permanent colonies
inside/on the body without producing disease; ex:
Staphylococcus (skin/mucous membranes) and E. coli (colon) -live in symbiosis with the host - Correct Answers ✅Normal microbiota The type of microbiota that are present for various periods of time and then disappear because the host's defenses don't allow them to become permanent - Correct Answers ✅Transient microbiota The long-term interaction between 2+ different biological species; "living together" - Correct Answers ✅Symbiosis 2 / 3
Probiotics MCB6424 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions The type of symbiosis in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected -mycobacteria in ear - Correct Answers ✅Commensalism do not cause disease under normal conditions but cause disease under special conditions -Streptococcus pneumoniae -E. coli - Correct Answers ✅opportunistic pathogens The type of symbiosis in which both organisms benefit from living together -E. coli synthesizes vitamin K in colon - Correct Answers ✅Mutualism The type of symbiosis in which one organisms benefits at the expense of the other by causing harm/damage - Correct Answers ✅Parasitism The complete absence of bacteria in the gut (mice models) resulted in very low/defective levels of which 2 things? - Correct Answers ✅IgA and GALT -lower mucosal inflammation and oxidative stress -strengthen epithelial barrier function -modulate intestinal motility
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