PRN1178 / PRN 1178 Exam 2 (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update) Client-Centered Care II | Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers | All Modules Covered | 100% Correct | A Grade - Rasmussen
Question:
What 3 things are included in Acid/Base balance (How do we balance the PH?
Answer:
chemical buffers, respiratory, and kidney functions
Question:
What is the 1st line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Chemical and Protein Buffer Systems
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Question:
What is the 2nd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Lungs - control certain amt. of CO2 in blood
Question:
What is the 3rd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Kidneys main function is to retain or excrete HCO3 which neutralizes acid in blood Slowest to respond, yet the most effective - 24-48 hrs
Question:
What role do the lungs play in compensation/balance?
Answer:
react within seconds to the imbalance by altering the respiratory rate, although immediate the duration of compensation is short.
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Question:
What role do the kidneys play in compensation/balance?What is Alkalosis?
Answer:
are slower to react to the changes in pH and are more powerful; however, they are slower to respond taking days to correct the imbalance.
Question:
What are the normal values PH, CO2, and HCO3? These need to be memorized.
Answer:
PH- 7.35-7.45
CO2- 35 to 45
HCO3- 22-26
Question:
What causes alkalosis?
Answer:
a deficit of H+ ions raises pH -hyperventilation, DECREASED CO2 LEVEL RELATED TO INCREASED RR,
CAUSES TOO MUCH CO2 TO BE EXHALED
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Question:
What signs will you see in a patient with alkalosis?
Answer:
hyper refluxes and muscle cramping, anxiety, tachycardia, low or normal BP, hypokalemia, numbness and tingling of extremities, seizures.
Question:
What happens in respiratory alkalosis?
Answer:
hyperventilation Fever- increased metabolic demand, increase O2 demand, increase RR pain hypoxia
Question:
What is metabolic acidosis?
Answer:
ADDITION OF AN ACID OR LOSS OF A BASE
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