PRN 1178 client centered care 2 exam 1
- main functions of water in the body
(Ans- Act as a vehicle of transportation of substances to and from cell Aid heat regulations by providing perspiration which evaporates Assist with maintenance of hydrogen balance in the body To serve as a medium for the enzymatic action for digestion
How much of the body is water?(Ans- More than half - 60% males contain 50% females contain 60% due to fat tissue
Lose more fluid through skin than adults (Ans- Infants - kidneys are not as efficient as adults less fluid absorption
Adults - age related decline in total body water (Ans- Diminished thirst sensations; decrease in urine concentrating abilities of kidneys; decreases the effectiveness of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Hypovolemia (Ans- Abnormal decrease in the volume of blood plasma (occurs with dehydration or bleeding)
What is critical in maintaining homeostasis (Ans- Water
Cells can't function without (Ans- Water - death will occur
Electrolytes are (Ans- Minerals or salt dissolved in body fluid. Major source is from diet
Electrolytes are measured 1 / 2
(Ans- MEq/L
Electrolytes in (Ans- A solution breaks into particles known as ions from reactions from hydrogen and electrolyte
Ions (Ans- Develop a positive electrical charge known as citations; for each positive charge in a fluid compartment there must be a negatively charged anion so that the balance is maintained
Circulating blood volume (Ans- 4 to 6 liters
Erythrocytes (Ans- Red cells - carried in plasma
Leukocytes (Ans- White cells - carried in plasma
Platelets (Ans- thrombocytes - carried in plasma
Cancer (Ans- Results from defect in DNA genes; Inherited or caused by mutation; carcinogens is external and internal environment ***men and women who are overweight by 40% or more have a 33%-35% greater risk of developing cancer than persons of normal weight***
Environmental agents (Ans- Carcinogen exposure ( x-rays, sun, UV light, lifestyle, tobacco use ) viruses are capable of introducing new genetic material into normal cell and transforming it into a malignant one
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