PPO Final Exam Part #1 Exam Questions and Answers (Solved Papers) What is physical size ? - Correct Answers ✅normally reported in millimeters or centimeters What is visual size? - Correct Answers ✅measured in angular units (degrees, minutes of arc, or minarc) What are the vision standards for refer/pass for kids under 6years or younger? - Correct Answers ✅Refer if its 20/50 or worse in either eye. If there is a two line difference, or if there are any complaints or symptoms.What are the vision standards for refer/pass for kids over 6 years or younger? - Correct Answers ✅Refer if 20/40 or worse in either eye. If there is a two line difference or if there is any significant signs or symptoms.What are the most common causes of Reduced VA in children? - Correct Answers ✅ametropia, amblyopia, child is uncooperative, frightened or distracted How do yo perform visual acuity at distance? - Correct Answers ✅set up distance at 10 feet away. instruct the patient to cover left eye first and read the line above the blue tape. if they can't then have them go up. then have the cover the other eye and read that same line backwards. record. 1 / 3
PPO Final Exam Part #1 Exam Questions and Answers (Solved Papers) How do you perform visual acuity at near? - Correct Answers ✅Measure 40 cm away from the patient's forehead and instruct them to hold the near vision card. have them cover their left eye first and read the line above the blue tape. then have them cover the other eye and read the same line backwards. adjust if neccessary . record.How do you perform the Plus Lens Test ? - Correct Answers ✅Have student read the two lines above the best VA testing.Hold a pair of +2.50 sphere lenses in front of both eyes. Ask the child to read the line of 20/30 letters even if they have to guess. If they can read more than half of the 20/30 letters without squinting then there is hyperopia. (Considered a Refer) How do you perform the cover test at distance? - Correct Answers ✅do unilateral first. cover the OD first observe OS.keep on the occluder for 2-3 seconds then remove for 2-3 seconds. repeat to make sure observations were accurate. do the same to the other eye. then do the alternating cover test.start by breaking fusion then alternate 2-3 seconds on each eye.How do you perform the cover test at near? - Correct Answers ✅Have them fixate then do unilateral first and then second the alternating 2 / 3
PPO Final Exam Part #1 Exam Questions and Answers (Solved Papers) Eye movement during the unilateral cover test indicates ... - Correct Answers ✅that the eye has a tropia.Eye movement during the alternating cover test indicates ... - Correct Answers ✅that the eye has a phoria only present when fusion is broken always shared by the two eyes What is the purpose of the cover test? - Correct Answers ✅identify a misalignment of the eyes which can lead to amblyopia in children.What is the purpose of the EOM H test? - Correct Answers ✅Purpose to test full / normal extra ocular muscle testing.detects poor or absent innervation or restriction of or more EOMs How do you perform the EOM H test? - Correct Answers ✅Ask them to remove spectacles (if applicable). Present the target at 40 cm in front of the child. start in the primary position. instruct the patient to "follow the bird with your
eyes; do not move your head". Also: "if you have any pain or
if you see two birds let me know". move in a slow smooth horizontal position. look at the eyes What is the purpose of the EOM O test? - Correct Answers ✅Used to identify problems with smooth pursuits (smooth eye tracking movements)
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