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PMHNP Pharmacology Exam Newest 2025-2026 Complete All Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+||Brand New Version!
Discuss the relationship between oral contraceptives and lamotrigine. - ANSWER-exogenous estrogen in the form of oral contraceptives in combo with lamotrigine will induce the production of 1A4, increasing the metabolism of lamotrigine up to 50%
Discuss the relationship between lithium and Ibuprofen. - ANSWER- lithium levels increase with inhibitions prostaglandins, she common nsaids such as ibuprofen will effect levels. expeptions are ASA, sulindac and tylenol
How do atypical antipsychotics work? - ANSWER-By blocking D2 receptors in the mesolithic and mesocortical tract
What are the side effects of typical antipsychotics and the d2 receptor blockade? - ANSWER-- sedation/wt gain from Histamine (H1) blockade
- orthostatic hypotension and drowsiness from alpha 1 adrenergic
- increased prolactin from the d2 blockade tubinfundivular tract 1 / 3
receptor blockade
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- anticholinergic effects from M1 blockade
-EPS form d2 blockade in the nigrostriatal tract
what are some tx for EPS? - ANSWER-- change in med
- lower dose
- benztropine
What are long term s/e of typical antipsychotics? - ANSWER-permanent effects on movement
- tardive dyskinesia
- potential NMS
List some examples typical antipsychotics. - ANSWER-Thorazine (chlorpromazine) mellaril (thioridazine) Stelazine (Trifluoperazine) Trilafon (perphenazine) Haldol (haloperidol) Navene (thiothexene) Taractan (chlorprothixene)
What is the MOA of atypical antipsychotics? - ANSWER-blocks d2 and 5ht (specifically 5ht2a) receptors in the brain 2 / 3
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5HT2A blockade helps decrease eps and get relief of negative symptoms of psychosis which is not seen with typical antispsychotics
What are some side effects of atypical antipsychotics? - ANSWER- orthostatic hypotension dizziness wt gain tachycardia sleep disturbances constipation NMS
What is unique to clozapine? - ANSWER-may cause agranulocytosis at increased risk for sz rigorous monitoring of ANC, weekly for 6 months, biweekly for 6 months, then monthly for year if WBC less than 2, or ANC les than 1, stop and monitor daily if WBC less than 3 or ANC 1.0 to 1.5, hold and get daily levels until ANC rises IF WBC less than 3.5 or ANC 1.5 to 2, repeat CBC and get biweekly until levels rise
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