Pathophysiology Final (HESI) Questions and Answers 100% Pass
when maintained well, maintains skin and mucous membranes and is also essential in reducing host susceptibility ✔✔nutrition
pts with advanced cancer are often ____ ✔✔malnourished
involves the administration of a nutrient mixture directly into a peripheral vein ✔✔total parenteral nutrition
asymptomatic disease with mild discomfort, diarrhea, or constipation and flatulence which can be excused for other reasons ✔✔diverticulosis
during acute episodes, food intake should be reduced along with antimicrobial drugs taken as needed; treated by increasing the bulk in the diet, omitting foods such as seeds or popcorn, and encouraging regular bowel movements without constipation ✔✔diverticulosis
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includes the pituitary gland, the two adrenal glands, the thyroid gland, the four parathyroid glands, the endocrine portion of the pancreas, the gonads, the pineal gland, and the thymus ✔✔endocrine glands
secrete hormones directly into the blood, in contrast to exocrine glands that secrete into a duct ✔✔endocrine glands
chemical messengers that affect blood glucose levels, including insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone ✔✔hormones
develops more frequently in patients with Type 2 diabetes; often the patient is an older person with an infection or one who has overindulged in carbs, thereby using more insulin than anticipated ✔✔HHNC
condition may be difficult to diagnose initially; severe cellular dehydration results in neurologic deficits, muscle weakness, difficulties with speech, and abnormal reflexes ✔✔HHNC
hyperglycemia and dehydration develop because of the relative insulin deficit, but sufficient insulin is available to prevent ketoacidosis ✔✔HHNC 2 / 4
#1 nursing intervention with a patient who has HHNC is: ✔✔maintain a patent airway!
low __ ___ is a risk factor for osteoporosis ✔✔bone mass
have higher risk for osteoporosis ✔✔women
- most critical stages of life in which osteoporosis can develop ✔✔children and elderly
osteoporosis is common in older individuals, especially ____ women with ___ deficiency ✔✔postmenopausal, estrogen
activity is less effective with advancing age ✔✔osteoblastic activity
decreased ____, ____ factors, ___ deficits, low vitamin ___, or low ___ are all factors of osteoporosis ✔✔mobility, hormonal, calcium, D, protein
excessive ___ intake is a contributor to osteoporosis ✔✔caffeine 3 / 4
positive results of a pregnancy test are based on the presence of this ✔✔hCG
some pregnancy tests can detect pregnancy as early as: ✔✔the first day following a missed period
a second pregnancy test is recommended within a ___ if the first test is negative ✔✔week
this kind of pregnancy test should be performed if it is ectopic ✔✔serum pregnancy test
this level is expected to double about every 48 hours in a normal pregnancy; if failed to double, the pregnancy may be ectopic ✔✔beta- hCG
administered to newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disorders ✔✔vitamin K
the sterile gut of a newborn lacks intestinal bacteria necessary for the synthesis of this vitamin ✔✔vitamin K
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