Pathophysiology Exam 3 and 4 Practice Exam

pg. 1 Pathophysiology Exam 3 and 4 Practice Exam Test bank with 180 Questions and Correct Verified answers | Patho Exam 3 and Exam 4 Prep 2025-2026| NURS 4338 Pathophysiology

Patho Exam 3 (90 Questions) A 47-year-old male is diagnosed with pulmonary edema. Which assessment findings will the nurse observe?

• Pink, frothy sputum
• Wheezing
• Thick mucus secretions
• Hypocapnia
• Pink, frothy sputum

A 56-year-old male is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which of the following modifiable risk factors would the nurse suggest the patient change?

• Drinking tomato juice
• Smoking Cigarettes
• Living arrangements
• Eating meat
• Smoking cigarettes

The nurse is planning care for a patient with heart problems. Which information should the nurse remember? The _____ artery travels down the interventricular septum and delivers blood to portions of the left and right ventricle.

• Right coronary
• Circumflex
• Left anterior descending
• Cardiac
• Left anterior descending

A nurse is preparing to teach the staff about asthma. Which information should the nurse include? Airway obstruction contributing to increased airflow resistance and 1 / 4

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hypoventilation in asthma is caused by:

• Type II alveolar cell injury and decreased surfactant
• Alveolar fibrosis and pulmonary edema
• Collapse of the cartilaginous rings in the bronchi
• Mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, and airway edema
• Mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, and airway edema

When a patient has a massive pulmonary embolism (PE), what complications will the nurse monitor for?

• Shock and death
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Damage to the lung microcapillaries
• Shock and death

When the nurse is asked what causes asthma, how should the nurse respond?

Asthma is thought to be caused by:

• An autosomal recessive trait
• Excessive use of antibiotics as a young child
• Interactions between genetic and environmental factors
• Autoimmunity
• Interactions between genetic and environmental factors

Which of the following are characteristic of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH)? (Select all that apply.)

• Weight gain
• Fatigue
• Male gender
• Dyspnea
• Jugular vein distention
• Fatigue
• Dyspnea
• Jugular vein distention

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea generally occurs with:

left ventricular failure 2 / 4

pg. 3 A 28-year-old male complains to his physician that he has had a cold for a week

and is coughing up bloody secretions. This condition is referred to as:

hemoptysis

A low ventilation-perfusion ratio results in:

Shunting A 20-year-old male is in acute pain. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. Which of the following does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause?a.Hyperventilation b.Hypoventilation c.Apnea d.Cyanosis a.Hyperventilation A 30-year-old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustains trauma to the lungs and chest wall. He experiences respiratory failure. Which of the following lab values would the nurse expect?a.Electrolyte imbalances b.Elevated PaCO2 c.Low hematocrit d.Elevated pH b.Elevated PaCO2 A 60-year-old female with a history of cirrhosis presents with dyspnea, impaired ventilation, and pleural pain. A diagnosis of pleural effusion is made, and a watery

fluid is drained. When giving report, the nurse will refer to this fluid as:

• Exudative
• Purulent
• Infected
• Transudative
• Transudative

A nurse assesses the heart after acetylcholine because the effect of

acetylcholine on the heart is to:

• Decrease the refractory period 3 / 4

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• Increase calcium influx
• Increase the strength of myocardial contraction
• Decrease the heart rate
• Decrease the heart rate

A 52-year-old female is admitted to the cardiac unit with a diagnosis of pericarditis. She asks the nurse to explain where the infection is. In

providing an accurate description, the nurse states that the pericardium is:

• The outer muscular layer of the heart
• The innermost layer of the heart chambers
• A membranous sac that encloses the heart
• The heart's fibrous skeleton
• A membranous sac that encloses the heart

A nurse is teaching about the heart. Which information should the nurse include?

The chamber of the heart that generates the highest pressure is the:

• Right atrium
• Left atrium
• Left ventricle
• Right ventricle
• Left ventricle

A 65-year-old male is transported to the ER for chest pain. An electrocardiogram reveals a prolonged QRS interval. What is the nurse monitoring when the nurse

observes the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram? The QRS complex reflects:

• Ventricular activity
• Pulmonary artery closure
• Mitral valve opening
• Aortic valve closing
• Ventricular activity

Which information by the nurse indicates a good understanding of depolarization?

Depolarization of a cardiac muscle cell occurs as the result of:

• A decrease in the permeability of the cell membrane to ions
• The rapid movement of ions across the cell membrane
• A blockade by calcium ions
• Stimuli instigated during the refractory period
• / 4