Paramedic Trauma FISDAP Exam Questions and Answers Guaranteed A+ Autonomic Nervous System - Answer Monitors the body's needs from moment to moment, adjusting the blood flow as required. Maintains homeostasis & is divided into the parasympathetic & sympathetic components that oppose each other and keep vital functions in balance.
Autoregulation - Answer The body responds to a decrease in CPP by increasing the MAP.Resulting in cerebral vasodilation and increased cerebral blood flow. However, this is a vicious cycle cause it actually increases ICP.
Babinkski Reflex - Answer Occurs when the toes move upward in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. Under normal circumstances, the toes move downward.
Biots Respirations - Answer Characterized by irregular rate, pattern, and volume of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea.
Chemical Burns - Answer Flush the area off with water, remove pt's clothing & jewelry.
Cheyne- Stokes Respirations - Answer Respirations that are fast and then become slow, with intervening periods of apnea. Common in people with head injuries/ICP.
Commotio Cordis - Answer Caused by a impact to the chest right where the heart is. It puts the heart into cardiac arrest. Happens to athletes, esp when playing sports. You may see chest wall contusions, and localized bruising. The Pt will be apneic and pulseless.
Compensated Shock (Phase 1) - Answer Tachycardia, NORMAL BP, thirst, anxiety, clammy/cool skin.
Coup Contrecoup - Answer Front and rear injury. Brain slams into the front of the skull, and then slams into the back end of the skull.
Cushing Reflex/Response/Syndrome - Answer Due to ICP. Signs are- increased BP, decreased HR & irregular respirations (Biots breathing!).
Decerebrate - Answer Extensor posturing. Pt's limbs will be extending away from the body.
Decompensated Shock (Phase 2) - Answer AMS, DROP IN BP, thready/absent peripheral pulse, labored or irregular breathing.
Decorticate - Answer Flexor posturing. Pt's limbs will be facing toward their core, involving flexion of the arms and legs.
Diaphragm - Answer Phrenic nerve (C3-C5). Injury occurring at or above C3-C4 may cause diaphragmatic paralysis, that is seen with abdominal breathing and accessory muscle use. 1 / 2
Dysconjugate Gaze - Answer For paralysis of gaze or discoordination between the movements of the two eyes.
Flail Chest - Answer A major injury to the chest wall, may result from blunt trauma, like MVC, falls, and assaults. In this injury, two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places. When the Pt breathes, their chest will rise and fall paradoxically. You can also feel crepitus when assessing your Pt. *Positive pressure ventilation is important with this kind of pt!
Foreign Body in the Eye - Answer Shards of metal, wood, etc. can become embedded into the globe of they eye. It can cause irritation and conjunctivitis. When this happens, attempt to flush out the eye from inside (tear duct) to out (outer corner).
Frontal Lobe - Answer (Forehead) Important for voluntary motor action and personality traits.Injury to the frontal lobe may result in seizures or placid reactions (flat affect).
Frostbite/Frostnip - Answer Get the Pt out of the cold. Do not rub or massage the area.Administer pain medication. Cover blisters with dry, sterile dressing. *Do not attempt rewarming in the field if there is any possibility of refreezing or if the Pt must walk on the frostbitten foot.Frotstbitten parts are usually hard and waxy. Gangrene can occur if the area was frozen.
Heatstroke - Answer Involves elevated temp above *104. and AMS. One of the earliest signs in changes in behavior (irritable, combative, etc). Pt may have a seizure. Pt will be tachycardia, hyperventilating. Manage the ABC's. Move the Pt to a cool environment. Cooling efforts should continue until temp reaches below *102. Cool as rapidly as possible. Consider ice water immersion, placed ice packs in groin, armpits, etc. Start a line and administer saline. Monitor cardiac rhythm.
How to assess a electrical injury...? - Answer The first thing is to protect yourself and bystanders. If powerlines are down on a car, you tell your pt to remain in the car and do not go near it.
How to treat a Pneumothorax - Answer If there is an open wound, cover it with an occlusive dressing. Provide high flow O2. *Positive pressure will aggravate this condition, resulting in a tension pneumo.
How to Treat Heat Exhaustion - Answer Move the Pt to a cooler area. Remove excess clothing.Sponge, spray, or drip tepid water on the Pt. If anuses and vomiting are present, start a saline line. May want to consider an anti nausea medication (zofran). Pt will still be alert and oriented.
Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) - Answer Is found in drain cleaner, and for etching glass, and in industrial settings. Pt will complain of burning, and will not stop with copious amounts of flushing. Calcium chloride will work to relieve the pain/burning.
Hyperpyrexia - Answer Patients with a head injury can develop a high body temperature, which can worsen the condition of the brain.
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