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PALS Final Exam; 50 QUESTIONs & Answers;Latest Solution/ 100%Verified;PALS Final Exam (Actual Exam ### Answers to Pediatric Emergency and Resuscitation QUESTIONs
1. **QUESTION:** A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the
pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia?
**Answer:** second degree
**Rationale:** The document explicitly states "second
degree," implying a second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, though the specific type (e.g., Mobitz I or II) and waveform are not provided.
2. **QUESTION:** Laboratory tests are ordered for a child
who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
**Answer:** Lactate
**Rationale:** The document provides "Lactate," as elevated
lactate levels indicate inadequate oxygen delivery due to tissue hypoxia, common in such symptoms.
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3. **QUESTION:** A 9-year-old patient is presenting with
decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition?
**Answer:** Respiratory failure
**Rationale:** The document states "Respiratory failure,"
consistent with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed breathing, and low oxygen saturation indicating inadequate ventilation/oxygenation.
4. **QUESTION:** A 4-year-old child is brought to the
emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
**Answer:** Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
**Rationale:** The document provides "Deliver 1 BVM
ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds," prioritizing airway and breathing support (Bag-Valve-Mask ventilation) for gasping respirations and bradycardia.
5. **QUESTION:** A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated
during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which arrhythmia?
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**Answer:** First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
**Rationale:** The document states "First-degree
atrioventricular (AV) block," a common cardiac manifestation of Lyme disease, though the rhythm strip is not shown.
6. **QUESTION:** A child in cardiac arrest experiences return
of spontaneous circulation but is exhibiting signs of post– cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on which finding(s)?
**Answer:** Hypotension, Fever, Hyperglycemia
**Rationale:** The document lists "Hypotension, Fever,
Hyperglycemia" as findings of PCAS, reflecting systemic responses to ischemia/reperfusion injury.
7. **QUESTION:** A 2-year-old child arrives at the
emergency department with the parents. The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-quality CPR?
**Answer:** Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each
compression, Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each, Compressing the chest about 2 inches, Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
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**Rationale:** The document lists these actions verbatim as
hallmarks of high-quality CPR in a child: full chest recoil, 1-
second ventilations, 2-inch compression depth, and a 15:2 ratio
for two rescuers.
8. **QUESTION:** A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to
defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
**Answer:** VF and pVT are shockable cardiac arrest
rhythms.
**Rationale:** The document states "VF and pVT"
(Ventricular Fibrillation and pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia) as shockable rhythms requiring defibrillation.
9. **QUESTION:** A provider is assessing a child with
suspected shock. Which statement correctly describes hypotension and shock?
**Answer:** Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock;
**Rationale:** The document provides this statement,
indicating shock can occur with compensated mechanisms maintaining blood pressure initially.
10. **QUESTION:** A provider is caring for a 4-year-old child
in the urgent care clinic. Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathing and an oxygen saturation of 91%. The provider