PALS EXAM 1 UPDATED 2023

PALS EXAM 1 ( UPDATED 2023 )

100 + VERIFIED Questions and Answers

• Age classification for a neonate?

ANSWER: - Birth + first 28 days of life

• Age classification of an infant?

ANSWER: - 28 days up to 1 year.

• Age classification for a toddler?

ANSWER: - 1 to 2 years

• Age classification for a preschooler?

ANSWER: - 3 - 4 years

• Age classification for a school age child?

ANSWER: - 5 - 12 years

• Signs for adolescent development for HCPs?

ANSWER: - Signs of puberty.

• Skin area of pediatrics are proportionately larger to their mass up

years.

ANSWER: - 10 years

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sterior closes

• In pediatrics, the head accounts for approx. % of the total BSA.

ANSWER: - 20%

• Increased BSA and thin subcutaneous fat in younger children complicates

regulation.

ANSWER: - Temperature regulation.

10. When does the anterior and posterior fontanelles close?: - Po after

• months.
• Anterior diminishes by 6 months, but closes by 9 - 18 months.

• Depressed fontanelles can indicate .

ANSWER: - Dehydration

• Protruding fontanelles can indicate , which could

be caused by trauma and meningitis.

ANSWER: - Increased ICP

• What is an infants brain size by 30 months?

ANSWER: 75% of it's adult size.

• During a trauma assessment of an infants c-spine and back, what should you

be concerned of?

ANSWER: - A pediatric can have a spinal injury without an obvious spinal

fracture due to the flexibility of the bones.

• In pediatrics, what are 6 anatomical airway structures that we need to

consider for interventions and tx? 2 / 3

ANSWER: 1. Narrow, funnel-shaped larynx due to underdeveloped cricoid

cartilage.

• Larynx sits higher up and is more anterior.
• Proportionally large, and floppy tongue.
• Trachea is softer, more flexible, and more anterior
• More smooth muscle makes the airway more reactive to spasms and vagal tone

(factory setting model).

• Large and floppy epiglottis.

• At what age does the larynx become for rigid and tubular?

ANSWER: - 10 years old.

• What is the primary muscle of inspiration?

ANSWER: - Diaphragm

• What is a common traumatic injury to the lungs in pediatrics? Why?

ANSWER: - Pulmonary contusion more common due to underdeveloped lung

tissue.

• Pediatric lower airway differences (4)?

ANSWER: - Can become exhausted easily due to underdeveloped accessory

muscles.-use diaphragm to breathe -consume more oxygen due to higher metabolic rate

• Small alveoli and lack of collateral ventilation.

• What are the two abdominal organs we need to worry about in in pediatric

trauma?

ANSWER: - Liver and the Spleen

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