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NYU Pharmacology Exam 1 (Questions With CORRECT ANSWER s) Graded A+
Question 1: Heart muscle weakens and enlarges, loses ability to
pump blood adequately, compensatory mechanisms fail, lungs and periphery become congested. This describes?
CORRECT ANSWER : Acute Heart Failure (HF)
Question 2: Digitalis (Digoxin) (Cardiac Glycoside) is indicated
for HF. What is its mechanism of action (MOA)?
CORRECT ANSWER : Inhibits NA/K pump to increase Ca to
DECREASE HR. Induces INC intracellular sodium drives Ca into heart and INCREASE CONTRACTILITY
Question 3: What are the adverse effects (AE) of Digitalis
(Digoxin)?
CORRECT ANSWER : -bradycardia
-dysrhythmias -anorexia, N/V
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-headache -blurred or yellow vision
Question 4: What are the signs of toxicity for Digitalis
(Digoxin)?
CORRECT ANSWER : -anorexia, N/V, green or yellow halos,
bradycardia premature ventricular contractions, cardiac dysrhythmias, confusion, delirium for elderly
Question 5: What are the risk factors (R4) for Digitalis
(Digoxin) toxicity?
CORRECT ANSWER : -low K+
-renal failure -loop diuretics -Hypercalcemia
Question 6: What are key nursing considerations for Digitalis
(Digoxin)?
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CORRECT ANSWER : -pulse full min apical prior to taking
-eyes on periph/pulm edema
-MONITOR K + CREATININE!
Question 7: What drug interactions should be monitored with
Digitalis (Digoxin)?
CORRECT ANSWER : -diuretics = hypoK
-Cortison = Na retention / hypoK -antacids = dec digitalis absorption
Question 8: This type of angina is stress and exertion induced,
caused by narrowing of arteries.
CORRECT ANSWER : Classic (stable) angina
Question 9: This type of angina occurs frequently with
progressive severity unrelated to activity; unpredictable regarding stress/exertion and intensity due to artery narrowing/partial occlusion.
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CORRECT ANSWER : Unstable (preinfarction) angina
Question 10: This type of angina occurs during rest, caused by
vessel spasm (vasospasm).
CORRECT ANSWER : Variant (vasospastic) angina
Question 11: Nitroglycerin is indicated for angina. What is its
mechanism of action (MOA)?
CORRECT ANSWER : -relax smooth musc + vasodilate
-dec myocardial O2 demand -dec preload -dec afterload -dec peripheral vasc resistance
Question 12: What are the adverse effects (AE) of
Nitroglycerin?
CORRECT ANSWER : -headache tx w/ acetaminophen
-de BP/dizzy