NVCC DIT 121 EXAM 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - Correct Answers ✅-nonnutrient compounds found in plants that confer taste, color, aromas, and other characteristics. Some have biological and physiological effects on the body acting as antioxidants, destroying bacteria, mimicking hormones, and surprising inflammation -capsaicin - modulates blood clotting and possibly reduces the risk of some cancers and other diseases - hot peppers
Vitamin A - Correct Answers ✅Function: Vision;
maintenance of cornea, epithelial cells, mucous membranes,
skin: bone and tooth growth, reproduction; immunity
Deficiency: Night blindness, blindness, impaired immunity,
Keratinization- accumulation of keratin in a tissue, Hypovitaminosis Best source of foods: Retinol: fortified milk, cheese, butter
Beta-carotene: veggies; leafy greens, oranges
Vitamin D - Correct Answers ✅Function: Mineralization of
bones (raises blood calcium and phosphorus by increasing absorption from the digestive tract, withdrawing calcium from bones, and stimulating retention by kidneys
Deficiency: Rickets- misshaped bones, bowed legs,
deformities in ribs, Osteomalacia/osteoporosis- loss of calcium, deformed bones, progressive weakness, pain in pelvis, lower back and legs 1 / 2
NVCC DIT 121 EXAM 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025)
Best Food Source: sunlight, fortified milk, butter, egg yolk,
fatty fish Vitamin E - Correct Answers ✅Function - its main action is to stop the chain reaction of free radicals from producing more free radicals. Antioxident (stabilization of cell membrances, regulation of oxidation reactions, protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin A) Deficiency - none, however can cause red blood cell breakage, never damge Best Food Source - Polyunsaturated plant oils, dark greens, leafy veggies, wheat germ, whole grains, nuts, seeds, fatty meats Vitamin K - Correct Answers ✅Function - Synthesis of blood clotting proteins and bone proteins Deficiency - Hemorrhaging Best Food Source - Bacterial synthesis in the GI tract, Dark greens and leafy veggies What is beta-carotene? Where do we find it? Why is it important in the diet? - Correct Answers ✅-Beta-carotene is an antioxidant, it is a carotenoids; has an orange pigment and is a vitamin a precursor found in plants. It can be split to form retinol in the intestine and liver. It protects the skin from sun damage.
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