Nutrition Midterm HUN1201 IRSC | 50 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated
Question :Differentiate among the RDA the AI the UL and
the EAR.
Correct answer:The Recommended Dietary Allowance
(RDA) serves as an intake goal that meets the requirement of most healthy people of a given age and gender; RDAs have been set for carbohydrates protein essential fatty acids and most vitamins and minerals. The Adequate Intake (AI) provides a suggested daily intake of a nutrient to meet body needs and support health when there is insufficient research to develop an RDA. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the highest amount of a nutrient that can be consumed safely with no risk of toxicity or adverse effects. The UL is used to evaluate the safety of supplements. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the average daily intake of a nutrient that will meet the requirement of 50% of healthy people of a given age and gender. The EAR is used to evaluate the nutrient intakes of groups rather than individuals
Question :These are the building blocks for making and
repairing body tissues.
Correct answer:Amino acids
Question :What chemicals found in fruits and vegetables
appear to have cancer-fighting properties
Correct answer:Phytochemicals
Question :What is nutrigenetics?
Correct answer:Nutrigenetics through human gene mapping
helps scientists learn how slight variations in our genetic code affect our nutrient needs and susceptibility to particular diseases.
Question :What is homeostasis?
Correct answer:Homeostasis is a state of dynamic equilibrium
within the body's internal environment—a balance achieved through the control of various interrelated physiologic mechanisms.
Question :What are the functions of macronutrients?
Correct answer:The macronutrients—carbohydrates fats and
protein—supply energy and build tissue.
Question :What are the three general functions of nutrients?
Correct answer:To provide energy To build and repair body
tissues and structures To regulate the metabolic processes that maintain homeostasis and support life
Question :Which groups of people are particularly vulnerable
to foodborne illness?
Correct answer:Older adults children (especially under the
age of 5) pregnant women and patients with compromised immune function (e.g. due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] or cancer)
Question :Name the four secretions that chemically digest
food.
Correct answer:Enzymes Hydrochloric acid and buffer ions
Mucus Water and electrolytes
Question :What are foods broken down into through
digestion?
Correct answer:Glucose (from carbohydrates) amino acids
(from proteins) and fatty acids (from fats)
Question :What are prebiotics?
Correct answer:Prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates
mostly polysaccharides that promote the growth of favorable
microbes: lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.
Question :What are the four main functions of the GI tract?
Correct answer:Receives food Releases nutrients from food
Delivers nutrients into bloodstream Excretes nondigestible waste
Question :What are the three functions of saliva?
Correct answer:Aid in digestion Moisten the food particles so
they bind together to form a bolus that moves easily down the esophagus Lubricate and cleanse the teeth and tissues of the mouth