Nur 641 E Final Exam Study Guide Grand

Nur 641 E Final Exam Study Guide Grand Canyon University Latest Update 2024-2025 with Questions and Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

• anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties
• used for reducing pain, stiffness, swelling, redness, and fever associated with local

inflammation

- pros: fewer side effects and longer duration of actions

-NSAIDs are associated with an increased risk of adverse cardio events like stroke, MI,

and hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER: NSAIDs

• Inhibits production of uric acid and only anti gout to inhibit xanthine oxidase
• Used to treat gout and/or kidney stones of that nature
• Watch for kidney toxicity
• Contraindicated with Warfarin & oral hypoglycemic (increases effects of meds) -

CORRECT ANSWER: Allupurinol

• -sartan: candesartan, eprosartan, ibesartan, Isosartan, telmisartan, valsartan

2.block angiotensin 11 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER: Angiotensin II Receptor

Blockers (ARBs)

• antiarrhythmic of choice when there is coexisting heart failure

2. can cause thyroid and pulmonary toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER: Amiodarone

• calcium gluconate
• loop diuretics
• patiromer (Veltassa)
• Thiazide diuretics
• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
• regular insulin IV

7. inhaled albuterol - CORRECT ANSWER: Hyperkalemia treatment

• can initiate an acute gout attack

2.colchcine, NSAIDs or corticosteroids are used with ULT drugs to decrease the

incidence of ULT induced gout attacks - CORRECT ANSWER: Urate lowering therapy

• caused by acetaminophen overdoses

2 acute hepatitis or hepatoxicity - CORRECT ANSWER: Acute liver disorders

• discovery or laboratory for development
• Phase 1 begins with animal testing
• phase 2 human subjects
• compare drug to placebo or other drug that is effective

5.FDA then reviews result and determines approval 1 / 3

• Post market study to determine other side effects that were not seen while lab testing

- CORRECT ANSWER: Six steps in drug development process

• end in pril: lisinopril, captopril, enalapril, ramipril, benazepril and fosinopril
• suppress release of angiotensin converting enzyme
• side effects include cough and angioedema, with angioedema the medication should

be discontinued - CORRECT ANSWER: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

inhibitors

• GI bleed ( dark stools and epigastric pain)
• to reduce side effects switch to COX2 inhibitor or Celecoxib - CORRECT ANSWER:

NSAID side effects

• gout
• high serum urate levels with underlying renal dysfunction
• urinary calculi

4. histor of tophaceous gout - CORRECT ANSWER: Allupurinol (Zyloprim) Treats

• highest bioavailability
• places entire does into venin thus bypassing absorption
• avoids hepatic first pass metabolism in the liver - CORRECT ANSWER: Intravenous

medications

• low potassium intake,

2.renal insufficiency 3.systemic lupus erythematosus 4.addisons disease

5.potassium sparing diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER: Hyperkalemia causes

• pantoprazole
• rabeprazole

3. Iansoprazole - CORRECT ANSWER: H2RA that do not interact with plavix

(clopidogrel)

• pulmonary disorder seen in childhood, noted increase in production of a protein

producing thick mucus that blocks the airway, pancreatic ducts, sweat gland ducts and vas deferens - CORRECT ANSWER: cystic fibrosis AKA fibrocystic disease of pancreas

• reduces inflammation by inhibiting synthesis of leukocyte microtubules
• reduces pain in acute attack
• does not stop gout from becoming chronic gout arthritis

4. efficacy is affected by incidence of adverse effects - CORRECT ANSWER:

Colchicine (Colcrys)

• synthesized in hypothalamus 2 / 3

• cause reabsorption of water in the distal tubule and collecting duct of the kidney -

CORRECT ANSWER: antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

• trap ammonia ion, reduce blood ammonia by execration of ammonia by stools

2.treat hepatic encephalopathy - CORRECT ANSWER: lactulose (Cephulac)

1.Also known as a side effect, an undesirable reaction that accompanies the principal response for which the drug was taken include allergic reactions and adverse drug effects

• Either pharmacological or idiosyncratic
• 85-90% of ADRs are pharmacological
• Reporting is not mandated by FDA thus are not commonly reported
• usually preventable occur in hospital and nursing homes due to med errors
• Polypharmacy, multiple doctors and multiple pharmacies increase risk - CORRECT

ANSWER: Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)

1.Associated with pulmonary disease and increased pulmonary vascular resistance 2.The heart does not adequately circulate blood to the pulmonic system. Can be due to volume overload or regurgitation in Tricuspid Valve or Pulmonic Valve.Can lead to systemic edema, back up of blood in liver and lower extremities -

CORRECT ANSWER: Right heart failure

1.constipation

• headache

3. prolonged QT interval AKA heart conduction irregularity - CORRECT ANSWER:

Ondansetron (Zofran) side effects

1.Inhibit water transport across Loop of Henle work on receptors in ascending renal loop 2.inhibit reabsorption of NaCL at site in kidney

• potent diuretic (Lasix) can cause hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER: Loop diuretics

MOA

1.Institute of Safe mediation Practice

• Institute of Medicine
• Joint commission

4.National Coordinating Council form mediation error reporting and prevention

5. Food and Drug Administration (safe use initiative) - CORRECT ANSWER:

organizations for medication safety

1.passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth

• continuous machine like murmur heard over left upper sternal border in both systole

and diastole

• pulse is bounding and has thrill during palpation
• / 3