NUR 2474 Pharm Module 2 Quiz
S/S of Alzheimers Disease?(Ans- memory loss, confusion, feeling disoriented, impaired judgement, inability to self care, cannot do ADLs
What is happening in the brain before one begins medication with Alzheimers?(Ans- there is reduced Ach or cholinergic transmission with levels below 90%, the neurons are degenerated.
Main medication given for Alzheimers disease?(Ans- donepezil
What is the prognosis with Alzheimers?(Ans- it is irreversible and incurable, but medication use can slow its progression
What does donepezil do?(Ans- prevent Ach breakdown at the neural level, therefor increasing concentration of the neurotransmitter available for reuptake.
SE of donepezil?(Ans- HA, dizziness, GI effects- N,V, bronchoconstriction
What is one thing we need to teach the patient and family about use of the medication donepezil?(Ans- remember to take the medication on time and to follow correct dose.often times patient who take this drug may forget to take it or that they have already taken it, so having a supportive person will help with management.
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S/S of Parkinson's (Ans- dyskinesia, tremors, rigidity, postural instability, bradykinesia, mask like face, shifting gait, pill rolling movements, autonomic disturbance, depression and psychosis.
What is happening in the brain before one begins medication with Parkinsons?(Ans- There is a low amount of dopamine, and increase Ach stimulation of GABA
Main medications for Parkinsons (Ans- Levodopa/Carbidopa selegiline
Lasting effects of levodopa/carbidopa over time (Ans- lasts 2-5 years then will wear off over time
Why is levodopa used with carbidopa?(Ans- enhances the effects of levodopa and helps reduce N and V associated.
How does levodopa/carbidopa work?(Ans- increases dopamine synthesis at the BBB that is converted to dopamine and is then reuptaked. carbidopa has no effects.
SE levodopa/carbidopa (Ans- N,V,postural hypotension, increase Na and water, CNS effects, anxiety, cognitive impairment, insomnia, nightmares, behavior changes.
Toxicity SE levodopa/carbidopa (Ans- psychosis, vital hallucinations, vivid dreams, nightmares, paranoia- too much dopamine in the brain
Food drug interaction with levodopa/carbidopa (Ans- high protein foods- spread protein out with meals
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