Nur 212 Exam 2: Questions & Answers
Normal creatinine levels?(Ans-
Male: 0.6-1.2
Female: 0.5-1.1
Normal GFR?(Ans- 90-120ml/min
At which GFR level does dialysis begin?(Ans- 15
S/S of acute glomerulonephritis?(Ans- Headache, increased BP, facial edema, malaise, low grade fever, weight fain, proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria
S/S of chronic glomerulonephritis?(Ans- Proteinuria and hematuria
Lab findings for glomerulonephritis?(Ans- Increased BUN, CR Decreased albuminin
Common s\e of hemodialysis?(Ans- Hypotension due to all of the blood and fluids leaving the body
Nephrotic syndrome s\s (Ans- SEVERE proteinuria MASSIVE edema Hypertension, foamy urine, anasarca, ascites
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Why might medication doses be decreased for a patient with kidney issues?(Ans- Due to medications not being excreted through kidneys
Prerenal causes (Ans- Due to decreased blood flow to kidneys Cardiovascular disorders, hypovolemia, peripheral vasodilation, renal vascular obstructions, severe vasoconstriction
Intrarenal causes (Ans- Due to damage to the gumeruli, interstitial tissue or tubules (parynchymal damage) Acute tubular necrosis, exposure to nephrotoxins, acute GNP, SLE, obstetric complications, and malignant hypertension
Post renal causes (Ans- Obstruction to the urine collecting system BPH
Phases of AKI (Ans- Oliguric Diuretic Recovery (if not then CKD may develop)
Oliguric Phase (Ans- Urinary changes (output less than 400ml/day) Lasts 10-14 days Neck veins distended, bounding pulse, edema, hypertension Increased potassium (causing heart issues!)
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Diuretic Phase (Ans- Daily urine output 1-3 liters may reach 5L or more Monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration as well as hypotension This phase may last 1-3 weeks
Why would calcium gluconate be given to a patient with AKI?(Ans- Due to hyperkalemia, calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias occur therefor protecting the heart
Nursing interventions for almost all kidney patients (Ans- Fluid restriction Daily weights
If there is abdominal pain during hemodialysis what should the nurse do?(Ans- Decrease the flow rate
What is given to excrete potassium?(Ans- Kayexelate
What is an important thing to remember for the process of peritoneal dialysis?(Ans- It must be completely STERILE
What is a major complication from peritoneal dialysis?(Ans- Peritonitis
If patient begins to have pain or cramping during peritoneal dialysis what should the nurse do?(Ans- Slow down the infusion rate
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