NUR 212 Exam 2: Questions &
Answers
What is the normal range of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?(Ans- 10 - 20 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine?(Ans- 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine Clearance?(Ans- 60 - 135 mL/min/sec
What is the normal range of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?(Ans- 90 - 120 mL/min
What is the normal range for Urine Specific Gravity?(Ans- 1.001 - 1.035
What is the normal range for Hematocrit?
(Ans- Male: 42 - 52%
Female: 37 - 47%
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin?(Ans- 12 - 18 g/dL
What is the normal range for Platelets?(Ans- 150,000 - 400,000 cells/mcL
What are causes/risk factors for Glomerulonephritis?(Ans- -Diabetic Nephropathy -Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis -Hypertension 1 / 3
-Goodpasture Syndrome -Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy -Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) -Infective Endocarditis -Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis -Viral infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C) -Polyarteritis -Wegener's Granulomatosis -Amyloidosis -Illegal drug use
What are the manifestations of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
(APSGN)?
(Ans- Generalized body edema, hypertension, oliguria, hematuria and varying degrees of proteinuria.
What is smoky urine an indicator of?(Ans- Bleeding in the upper urinary tract.
Where does edema first appear?(Ans- In low pressure tissues such as those around the eyes (periorbital edema.)
What type of diet should a person with Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis be on?(Ans- A low protein, low sodium fluid restricted diet.
What is Chronic Glomerulonephritis characterized by?(Ans- Proteinuria, hematuria and the slow development of uremia because of decreasing renal function. It can progress toward ESRD over a course of several years.
What are the manifestations of Chronic Glomerulonephritis?(Ans- Varying degrees of hematuria (ranging from microscopic to gross), proteinuria, and urinary excretion of various formed elements, including red 2 / 3
blood cells, WBCs, and casts. Increased BUN and serum creatinine levels are common.
What are the preferred diagnostic measures for Chronic Glomerulonephritis?(Ans- Ultrasound and CT scan.
How do you diagnose the type of Glomerulonephritis present?(Ans- A comprehensive history, including any recent infection, such as a sore throat, or upper respiratory tract infection, or a diagnosis of diabetes can aid in identifying the type present.
What are the common causes of Nephrotic Syndrome?(Ans- -Acute Glomerulonephritis -Membranous Glomerulopathy -Primary Nephrotic Syndrome -Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis -Bee sting -Pollen -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Leukemia -Solid tumors of lungs, colon, stomach, breast -Drugs (captopril, heroin, NSAIDs, penicillamine) -Bacteria (streptococcal, syphilis) -Protozoa (malaria) -Viruses (hepatitis, HIV, mononucleosis) -Amyloidosis -Diabetes -Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
What are the manifestations of Nephrotic Syndrome?(Ans- Peripheral edema, massive proteinuria, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia and foamy urine.
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