NSL 212 Exam 3 Questions with

NSL 212 Exam 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Is the apex of the heart top or bottom? - Correct Answers ✅bottom Chief report - common presenting symptoms of CV disease -

Correct Answers ✅- Chest pain: number one when we

think of CV

- Dyspnea: could be number 1 in women (pregnant)

- Cough: could come with dyspnea

• Edema

- Palpitations: fast irregular rhythms, might say they feel like

their heart is racing

- Syncope: fainting; orthostatic hypotension

- Fatigue: abnormally fatigued

- Changes in extremities: from the perspective of CV disease

CV Review of systems - Correct Answers ✅- History of heart problems, rheumatic fever (could have valvular changes), heart murmurs

• History of EKG, or other heart test results

- Concerning symptoms (gets you moved up bc its a priority):

Chest pain, palpitations, SOB (dyspnea, orthopnea [difficulty breathing lying down], or PND [lack of o2 when sleeping]), edema 1 / 4

NSL 212 Exam 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) What positions should you perform a CV assessment - Correct Answers ✅Sitting, supine, left later recumbent (facilitates auscultation of specific heart sounds) How to approach a CV exam - Correct Answers ✅- Perform in 3 positions

• stand on the right side of the patient
• Have a quiet environment
• Minimize anxiety
• Explain results
• Patient teaching

Heart Inspection - Correct Answers ✅Inspect skin for:

• pulsations
• PMI (Apical impulse)
• Chest wall movement

Anatomical Landmarks to listen to during a CV exam - Correct Answers ✅Aortic area (2nd intercostal space to the right of the sternum) Pulmonic area (2nd intercostal space to the left of the sternum) Erbs point (Third intercostal space left of the sternum) Tricuspid area (4th intercostal space to the left of the sternum) 2 / 4

NSL 212 Exam 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025)

Mitral area (Apex: 5th intercostal space, midclavicular line)

Location of the PMI (Apical Impulse) - Correct Answers ✅Left midclavicular line at the 5th intercostal space What type of sounds do you hear with the diaphragm of the stethoscope - Correct Answers ✅High pitched sounds - S1, S2, AR, MR, rub, click, snap

CV Exam: Auscultation - Correct Answers ✅APE to MAN

• going down with the diaphragm
• back up with the bell

What locations are abnormal heart sounds heard the best - Correct Answers ✅Supine with the bell

• low-pitched sounds (S3, S4, MS with bell)
• press lightly so you can hear sound
• listen at apex and left lower sternal border

Left later with bell - S3, S4, MS Sitting, leaning forward

• Have patient exhale and listen with the diaphragm 3 / 4

NSL 212 Exam 3 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025)

- Apex and LSB: aortic murmurs, especially aortic

insufficiency Two phases of the cardiac cycle - Correct Answers

✅Systole: when the heart is contracting pumping blood out

of the heart, shorter than diastole

Diastole: when the heart is resting and filling with blood from

systemic circulation These phases occur in the atrium and ventricle at opposite times When the atrium is contracting (systole) the ventricles are relaxing and filling with the blood What are you supposed to hear during S1 - Correct Answers ✅- diastole ends, systole begins

• closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
• opening of aortic and pulmonic valves

What are you supposed to hear during S2 - Correct Answers ✅- systole ends, diastole begins

• Closure of aortic and pulmonic valves
• opening of mitral and tricuspid valves
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