NSG233 EXAM 2 NSG 233 MED SURG III EXAM 2

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NSG233 EXAM 2 /NSG 233 MED SURG III EXAM 2

NEWEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED

ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW

VERSION!!

What are some nursing management considerations or interventions for patients with spinal cord injuries? - ANSWER-- avoid external pressure on lower extremities.

• do NOT raise knee gatch when patient is laying down.
• closely monitor vital signs (specifically BP) before and during position

changes.

• contractures and other complications may be prevented by range of

motion exercises.

• careful inspection of the skin is made each time the patient is turned.

Pressure sensitive areas should be kept well lubricated and soft with oil or emollient lotion.

What are two pharmacologic interventions to dehydrate the brain tissue and reduce cerebral edema? - ANSWER-1. Mannitol osmotic diuretic).

• Hypertonic saline (3%).
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Why is Mannitol given? - ANSWER-To control cerebral edema and swelling.

What is Baclofen? What is it used for? - ANSWER-An anti-spasmodic (muscle relaxant).

Agonist specific inhibitor to GABAB receptors in the spinal cord. It's mechanism of action is to restrict the influx of calcium to decrease neurotransmitter release in the spine. This is how it alleviates s/s of spasticity.

What are some adverse reactions of this Baclofen? What are three major teaching points? - ANSWER-Adverse reactions

• drowsiness.
• dizziness.
• weakness.
• fatigue.
• confusion.
• headache.
• insomnia.
• urinary frequency.

- HYPOTENSION.

- CNS DEPRESSION. 2 / 4

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Teaching points

• DO NOT abruptly stop taking this medication.
• avoid alcohol.
• Stand slowly, this medication may cause orthostatic HoTN.

What Dantrolene? How does it work (MOA)? - ANSWER-A direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant.

The mechanism of action for this medication is to interfere with the release of calcium from skeletal muscle.

What is conditions is Dantrolene used for? - ANSWER-Controls spasticity for patients with...

• Multiple Sclerosis.
• Cerebral Palsy.
• Spinal Cord Injury.
• Stroke.

What are the adverse reactions of Dantrolene? What are some important patient teaching points? - ANSWER-Adverse reactions 3 / 4

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• drowsiness.
• dizziness.
• diarrhea.
• fatigue.
• hepatitis.

Patient Teaching

- BLACK BOX: liver function tests needed regularly.

• contraindicated in patients with liver failure or issues.

What are the major medications reviewed in this unit needed for traumatic brain injuries and spinal cord injuries? - ANSWER-1.

Phenytoin (Dilantin): controls seizures.

2. Propofol (dipravan): IV anesthetic, sedative, hypnotic.

3. Mannitol: osmotic diuretic to decrease ICP.

4. Baclofen: an antispasmodic to reduce s/s of spasticity.

5. Dantrolene: skeletal muscle relaxant to inhibit s/s of spasticity.

Define DIC? - ANSWER-Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.

• an acute or chronic thrombotic and hemorrhagic disorder that arises

secondary to various disease states (as acute promyelocytic leukemia, abruptio placentae, or major trauma) and is marked by uncontrolled

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