NR 602 Midterm Exam Latest 2023 - 2024

NR 602 Midterm Exam (Latest 2023 - 2024) New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct

• What is a chalazion?: Benign, chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation of the eyelid

2. What causes a chalazion?: Blockage of the meibomian gland

• What puts a person at risk for a chalazion?: Hordeolum or any condition which may impede flow

through the meibomian gland.

Mite species that reside in lash follicles.

4. What are physical exam findings for a chalazion?: Painless Does NOT involve

lashes Lid edema or palpable mass Red or grey mass on inner aspect of lid margin

5. What is prevention for chalazion?: Good eye hygiene

• What is treatment for chalazion?: Warm, moist compresses 3x a day If secondarily

infected: sulfacetamide or erythromycin

7. What is the follow-up for chalazion?: In 2-4 weeks If still present

after 6wks, follow up w/ophthalmologist

• What is blepharitis?: Inflammation/infection of the lid margins (chronic problem)
• What are the two types of blepharitis?: Seborrheic (non-ulcerative) Ulcerative
• What can cause seborrheic blepharitis?: Irritants (smoke, makeup, chemi- cals)
• What are s/s of seborrheic blepharitis?: Chronic inflammation of eyelid Erythema

Greasy scaling of anterior eyelid Loss of eyelashes Seborrheic dermatitis of eyebrows/scalp

12. What usually causes ulcerative blepharitis?: Infection w/staph or strep

13. What are s/s of ulcerative blepharitis?: Itching Tearing

Recurrent styes Chalazia Photophobia Small ulceration at eyelid margin Broken/absent eyelashes

Most frequent complaint: ongoing eye irritation, conjunctiva redness

• What is the treatment for blepharitis?: Clean w/baby shampoo 2-4 times/day Warm compresses

Lid massage (right after warm massage)

• How are infected eyelids with blepharitis treated?: Antistaph abx: bacitracin, erythromycin 0.05% x1

wk and quinolone ointments

• How is blepharitis infection resistant to topical abx treated?: Tetracycline 250mg PO x4

Doxy 100mg PO x2

17. What is conjunctivitis?: Inflammation or irritation of conjunctiva

• What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in peds?: Bacteria 1 / 2

• What are some common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis?: Contact lenses Rubbing eyes

Trauma

• What are s/s of bacterial conjunctivitis?: Purulent (green/yellow) drainage, initially unilateral,

then bilat Sensation of FB is common Redness Crust/matted eyelids in AM

• How long does bacterial conjunctivitis usually last?: 5-7 days (self-limiting)
• What is the treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?: Eye drops: polytrim, erythromycin,

tobramycin, cipro

• What is the most common organism causing bacterial conjunctivitis?: H. influenza
• What are common causative organisms of viral conjunctivitis?: Adenovirus Coxsackie

Herpes Molluscum

25. What are s/s of viral conjunctivitis?: Profuse tearing Mucus drainage

Burning Concurrent URI Enlarged/tender preauricular nodes

26. What is treatment for viral conjunctivitis?: Antihistamine Decongestant

27. How long does viral conjunctivitis usually last?: 7-14 days (self-limiting)

28. What is the cause of chlamydial conjunctivitis?: Chlamydial trachomatis

29. What are s/s of chlamydial conjunctivitis?: Profuse exudate Associated w/GU

s/s 1-2wks after birth

30. When does gonococcal conjunctivitis usually occur?: 2-4d after birth

• What is the biggest concern with gonococcal conjunctivitis?: Can cause blindness
• What is the treatment for chlamydial conjunctivitis?: PO azithromycin, doxy (tetracyclines increase

photosensitivity, don't use in pregnancy)

33. When does chlamydial conjunctivitis usually improve?: 2-3wks

34. What causes allergic conjunctivitis?: IgE mast cell reaction Environmental

Cosmetics

• What are s/s of allergic conjunctivitis?: Marked conjunctival edema Severe itching

Tearing Sneezing

• How is allergic conjunctivitis treated?: Topical antihistamine or topical steroids

37. When is improvement usually seen in allergic conjunctivitis?: 2-3 days

38. How is chemical conjunctivitis treated?: Thimerosal Erythromycin

Silver nitrate

39. What are s/s of chemical conjunctivitis?: Conjunctival erythema

40. Conjunctivitis never accompanies .: -

Vision changes

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