Nr 565 quizlet flashcards for final Bacterostatickills the bacteria bacteriocidalkills the bacteria and stops the growth or spread of the infection Bacteriostatic drugsclindamycin macrolides sulfonamides tetracyclines Bactericidal drugsahminoglycosides beta-lactums fluroquinolones Metronidazole Streptogramins vancomycin anti-microbial resistance1.) not knowing if the pt had recent use of antibiotics 2.) provider overuse of broad=spectrum antibiotics 3.) not performing susceptibility testing 4.) Age younger than 2 years or older than 65 years 5.) Daycare center attendance 6.) Exposure to young children 7.) Multiple medical co-morbidities 8.) Immunosuppression subclasses of Beta-lactams PCNSnatural PCNS aminopenicillins anti-staphylococcal PCNs extended Spectrum PCNs Pharmacodynamics of Beta-lactam PCNsinhibit biosynthesis of bacterial wall (beta-lactam ring) 1st line therapy for Strep pharyngitis.penicillin V 1st line therapy for all bitesAmoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin) Natural PCN's, DrugsPenicillin V potassium (ledercillin) Penicillin G sodium (PCN G-Na) Penicillin G procaine (Duracillin) Penicillin G benzathine (Permapen) Penicillin G potassium (Pfizerpen) Natural PCNs active againstaerobic gram (+) organisms Aminopenicillins active againstGram (-) organisms Aminopenicillins DrugsAmoxicillin Ampicillin
Combinations:
Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) 1st lines therapy for acute otitis media (AOM) & sinusitisAmoxicillin When aminopenicillins are combined with beta-lactamase inhibitorstheir spectrum in broadened beta-lactamase inhibitors that can be combined with aminopenicillinsclavulanate, sulbactam, & tazobactam Penicillinase-resistant penicillins drugsNafcillin 1 / 2
Oxacillin Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin Methicillin Penicillinase-resistant penicillins active againstStreptococcus, MSSA, some coagulase- negative staphylococci, peptostreptococcus Anti-pseudomonal penicillin drugspiperacillin ticarcillin
combination:
piperacillin/taxobactam ticarcillin/clavulanate Anti-pseudomonal penicillins active againstgram (-) organisms 1st generation cephalosporins drugsCephradine (Anspor) Cefazolin (ancef) Cefadroxil (Duricef) Cephalexin (keflex) 2nd generation cephalosporins drugsCefuroxime sodium (Zinacef) Cefuroxime (Ceftin) Cefaclor Cefprozil Cefotetan (Cefotetan) Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) 3rd generation cephalosporins drugsCefdinir (Omincef) Cefpodoxime (Vantin) Cefotaxime (Celizox) Ceftazidime Fortax) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Cedax Cefixime (Suprax) 4th generation cephalosporins drugsCefepime (Maxipime) 1st generation cephalosporins active againstgram (+) cocci 2nd generation cephalosporins active againstgram (+) increased activity for H. influenzae bateroides fragilis 3rd generation cephalosporins active againstuncommon gram (-) organisms 4th generation cephalosporins active againstprimarily Gram (+) and but also Gram (-) which cephalosporins are best against gram (+) organismscefdinir & cefpodoxime ADR for cephalosporinsserum sickness seizure coagulation abnormalities indications for cephalosporinsexacerbation of chronic bronchitis AOM (when amoxicillin fails) Sinusitis Pharmacodynamics of cephalosporinsinhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall
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