NR 283 Exam 1:Latest Updated
Pathophysiology (Ans- the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
How is homeostasis maintained?(Ans- negative feedback loops
Diagnosis (Ans- identification of a disease
Etiology (Ans- cause of disease
Idiopathic (Ans- unknown cause
prophylaxis (Ans- prevention of disease
Pathogenesis (Ans- development of disease
Prognosis (Ans- a forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disease or situation
Morbidity (Ans- the disease rates within a group
Epidemic (Ans- A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease.
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Atrophy
(Ans- decrease in cell size. Ex: shrinkage of skeletal muscle that occurs
when a limb is immobilized in a cast for several weeks.
Dysplasia (Ans- cells vary in size and shape, large nuclei present, rate of mitosis is increased. Pap smear tests for this on cervical cells.
Hyperplasia
(Ans- increased number of cells resulting in an enlarged tissue mass. Ex:
uterine enlargement in pregnancy.
Metaplasia (Ans- when one mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type.
ex: change in respiratory tracts in cigarette smokers.
Anaplasia (Ans- refers to cells that are undifferentiated with variable nuclear and cell
structures and numerous mitotic figures. Ex: malignant tumors
Hypoxia (Ans- reduced oxygen in the tissue.-interferes with ATP production in the cell, leading to loss of sodium pump out the cell membrane as well as loss of cell functions.
Ischemia (Ans- blockage that impedes blood flow
Necrosis
(Ans- tissue death ex: ischemia
Apoptosis (Ans- programmed cell death, a normal occurrence
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