NR 222 Exam 1 (Latest 2023 - 2024) New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
1. CHAPTER 1: Nursing Today
2. Benner's Model of Novice to Expert:
Novice Advanced beginner Competent Proficient Expert
- ANA definition of nursing: the protection, promotion, and optimization of healthand abilities,
prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals,families, communities, and populations
4. ANA Standards of Nursing Practice:
Assessment Diagnosis Outcomes Identification Planning Implementation Coordination of Care Health Teaching + Health Promotion Consultation Prescriptive Authority + Treatment Evaluation
5. ANA Standards of Professional Performance:
Ethics Education Evidence-Based Practice Quality of Practice Communication Leadership Collaboration Professional Practice Resources Environmental Health
- Autonomy: Essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiationof independent
nursing interventions without medical orders.
- Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN): Most independently functioningnurse; has masters
degree in nursing 1 / 2
- Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS): An APRN who is an expert clinician in aspecialized area of
- Nurse Practioner (NP): Are prepared to provide direct client care in primary care settings, focusing
- Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM): An APRN who is also educated in midwiferyand is certified by
- Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA): An APRN with advancededucation in a nurse
- Nurse Educator: works primarily in schools of nursing, staff development de-partments of health
- Nurse Administrator: manages patient care and the delivery of specific nursingservices within a
- Nurse Researcher: conducts evidence-based practice and research to improvenursing care and
- Florence Nightingale: Founder of modern nursing; started first organized pro- gram to train nurses;
practice
on health promotion, illness prevention, early diagnosis, andtreatment of common health problems
the American College of Nurse-Midwifes
anesthetia accredited program
care agencies, and patient education departments
health care agency
further define and expand the scope of nursing practice
first practicing nurse epidemiologist; connected sanitation withcholera and dysentery
16. Clara Barton: Nurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross
17. Mary Mahoney: First professionally trained African American nurse
- Mary Adelaide Nutting: First professor of nursing at Columbia University Teach-ers College in 1906.
- Compassion fatigue: described as physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaus-tion resulting from
seeing patients suffer, leads to a decreased capacity to show compassion or empathize with suffering people
20. Burnout: Occurs when perceived demands outweigh perceived resources
- Lateral violence: Aggressive and destructive behavior or psychological harass-ment of nurses against
each other
22. Genomics: Study of whole genomes, including genes and their functions
23. CHAPTER 2: Health Care Delivery System
24. Health Services Pyramid: Managing health instead of illness Emphasis on
wellness Injury prevention programs
- Primary Health Care: Focuses on improved health outcomes for an entire pop- ulation; includes
- Intensive Care: Patients receive close monitoring and intensive medical care
- Psychiatric Facilities: Patients who suffer emotional and behavioral problemssuch as depression,
primary care and health education, proper nutrition, maternal/child health care, family planning, vaccines, and control of diseases
violent behavior, and eating disorders often require special counseling and treatment in psychiatric facilities
28. Rural Hospitals: Located in a county that has a low population density
- Restorative Care: Care that helps persons regain their health, strength, andindependence
- Home Care: Provision of medically related professional and paraprofessional services and
- / 2
equipment to patients and families in their homes for health mainte- nance, education, illness prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, palliation,and rehabilitation