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Newest 2025 NR 511 Final Exam (2 latest versions) Includes 200 Accurate And Verified Questions Covering Clinical Reasoning, Advanced Health Assessment, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-Based Practice, And Primary Care Management. This Exam Is Designed For Nurse Practitioner Students To Demonstrate Core Diagnostic And Assessment Skills.
What are the pre-disposing risk factors for pyelonephritis?
- Pregnancy
- Dehydration
- Smoking
- Alkaline urine - ANSWER-Pregnancy
increased in patients with predisposing factors including anatomical abnormalities such as ureterovesical reflux, urinary obstruction, stress incontinence, multiple or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), renal disease, kidney trauma, 1 / 4
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pregnancy, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus.
What are the signs and symptoms of acute pylonephritis - ANSWER-sudden onset of fever, shaking, chills, n/v, unilateral or localized flank pain, fatigue, diarrhea
**largely asymptomatic
**elderly pts with altered mentation
What can be seen on physical exam for pylonephritis? - ANSWER-marked tenderness on deep abdominal palpation **may be hypertensive.
Diagnostics needed for pylonephritis? - ANSWER-dx confirmed through UA (positive for bacteria, proteinuria, leukocytes esterase, urinary nitrates, hematuria, pyuria, WBC CASTS (passage through nuetrophils thorugh renal tubules)
**Urine culture >100,000 cfu/ml (allowing for identification of causitive organism) 2 / 4
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**MOST IMPORTANT is WBC CASTS *cystoscopy with ureteral catheterization, renal ultrasound, intravenous pyelogram
What assessment is performed to try and diagnose
pylonephritis? - ANSWER-physical exam: Tenderness on deep
palpation/percussion of CVA tenderness (back)
** pts may be hypertensive
What antibiotics should be used for pyleonephritis? - ANSWER- Cipro 500 mg BID for 7 days Cipro XR 1000mg daily for 7 days Levaquin 750 mg daily for 5 days
TX for kidney stones include? - ANSWER-pain relief (oral NSAIDS, opiates, antispasmodics, warm compresses, focused breathing diversional therapy) *thiazide diuretics (calcium) Allopurinol (uric acid) D penicillamine (cystine) 3 / 4
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increase water intake noninvasive and invasive surgical interventions
AVOID TUMS, loop diuretics, vitamin supplements
Stress incontinence can be brought on easily by? - ANSWER- coughing sneezing, straining
Management of stress incontinence includes? - ANSWER- kegals 40-60 contractions daily (slow tighten 10 seconds, hold 10 seconds, release over 10 seconds)
Pelvic floor muscle training
Vaginal cones or pessaries
lose wt limit fluids in evening
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