NBCRNA EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST 2023-2024
ACTUAL EXAM 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )
|ALREADY GRADED A+
What muscarinic antagonist causes the most sedation? - ANSWER- scopolamine
Opioid receptor MOA - ANSWER- opioid binds to receptor, activates G protein, adenylate cyclase is inhibited, cAMP is inhibited, Ca conductance is decreased, K conductance is increased
What are the endogenous ligands of mu, kappa, and delta receptors? - ANSWER- mu = endorphins
kappa = dynorphins
delta = enkephalins
Key side effects of kappa receptor stimulation - ANSWER- dysphoria, antishivering, diuresis
Which body fluid normally has a higher concentration of protein? - ANSWER- intracellular fluid 1 / 4
What is the major intracellular anion? cation? - ANSWER- anion = phosphate
cation = potassium
Which term refers to the amount of the drug that is able to reach its target receptor after it is introduced into the circulatory system? - ANSWER- bioavailability
Which Phase 1 reaction is characterized by reactions that remove electrons from a molecule? - ANSWER- oxidation
What term refers to the dose of a drug required to produce a given effect in 50 percent of subjects? - ANSWER- potency
Approximately what portion of the total amount of body water is intracellular? - ANSWER- 2/3rds
LA's exist as weak (acids or bases) with a (positively or negatively) charged amine group - ANSWER- weak bases and positively charged amine group
Etomidate may cause a slight decrease in BP due to what? - ANSWER- decrease in SVR
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Rocuronium ED95 - ANSWER- 0.3 mg/kg
opioid potency compared to 10 mg morphine (alfentanil, fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, ketorolac, meperidine, hydromorphone) - ANSWER- alfentanil = 1 mg
fentanyl = 100 mcg
remifentanil = 100 mcg
sufentanil = 10 mcg
ketorolac = 30 mg
meperidine = 100 mg
hydromorphone = 1.5 mg
Basic vs acidic drugs protein binding - ANSWER- basic = alpha 1 glycoprotein
acidic = albumin
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max dosages of local anesthetics - ANSWER- lidocaine/mepivacaine = 4 mg/kg or 7 mg/kg with epi
bupivacaine/ropivacaine = 2 mg/kg or 3 mg/kg with epi
2CP = 15 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg with epi
what drugs are in class I antiarrhythmics? - ANSWER- IA = quinidine, procainamide HCl, disopyramide
IB = lidocaine, mexilitine HCl, tocainide, phenytoin
IC = flecainide acetate, propafenone HCl
Lidocaine affects what phase of the action potential to serve as an antiarrhythmic? - ANSWER- affects phase 0 (influx of Na)
What drugs are useful to treat pulmonary HTN? - ANSWER- iloprost, epoprostenol, PDE-V inhibitors (sildenafil), endothelin 1 antagonists (bosentan), inhaled nitric oxide
PDE-___ inhibitors are useful for pulmonary HTN - ANSWER- 5
Risk of mendelson syndrome when aspirate volume and pH is what? - ANSWER- volume over 25 cc and pH less than 3
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