MCB3020 UF Bacusmo Exam 1 Questions and

MCB3020 (UF) Bacusmo Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Correct Microbiology - ANSWER - The branch of biology that studies microbes.How does microbiology differ from other fields of biology? - ANSWER - It can be distinguished from other

fields based on:

• The size of the organisms studied
• The techniques used to study them

Cellular Organisms - ANSWER - made up of cells

• include fungi, protists, bacteria, and archaea

Acellular Organisms - ANSWER - Not made of cells

• Include Viruses, Viroids, Satellites, and Prions

What are the viruses composed of? - ANSWER - Protein and Nucleic Acids What are the viroids composed of? - ANSWER - RNA only What are the satellites composed of? - ANSWER - Nucleic Acids Stain - ANSWER - A solution containing a solute called chromophore, which gives the solution its color Simple Stain - ANSWER - involves the application of a single dye and provides information about the morphology, size, and arrangement of bacterial cells What are the prions composed of? - ANSWER - Proteins 1 / 2

What are prokaryotes? - ANSWER - Prokaryotes are organisms made up of a single cell lacking membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.What are eukaryotes? - ANSWER - Eukaryotes are organisms with cells that have DNA in a membrane- bound organelle, called a nucleus, and have other true membrane-bound organelles.Domain Eukarya - ANSWER - Eukaryotic; Have cells and organized structures called Organelles; have Multiple Linear chromosomes; more complex morphology Domain Archaea - ANSWER - Prokaryotic; Single-celled organisms with no nucleus or organelles; Have a single and circular chromosome; Found in extreme conditions; Identified by Carl Woese Domain Bacteria - ANSWER - Prokaryotic; Single-celled organisms with no nucleus or organelles; Have a single and circular chromosome What scientist identified that the phylogenetic tree is composed of these three domains of life? How did this scientist discover this? - ANSWER - Carl Woese identified the domain Archaea from Bacteria by using ribosomal RNA sequencing data.Which domain is found in extreme environments? - ANSWER - Archaea What does LUCA stand for and what branch is it found on? - ANSWER - Last Universal Common Ancestor

• common ancestor of all three domains of life. States domains Achaea and Eukarya diverged from

common ancestry and Bacteria evolved independently.How far back do the earliest fossils of microbial life date back to? - ANSWER - 3.5 billion years ago What is the central dogma? - ANSWER - States that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains genetic information that is transcribed into messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) then translated to make proteins.DNA-->(Transcription)-->mRNA-->(Translation)--> Protein

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