Maryville NURS 615 Pharm 3 exam with all the CORRECT ANSWER s (100% Verified exam)
Question 1: What are the adverse effects of
corticosteroids if administered for six months or more?
CORRECT ANSWER : The main thing you want to
worry about is osteoporosis. It can also worsen diabetic control. Patients should report any tarry black stools or abdominal pain.
Question 2: What must you do with corticosteroids to
prevent withdrawal?
CORRECT ANSWER : Must taper them down, you can
have possible adrenal crisis if you do not.
Question 3: What are the withdrawal symptoms from
corticosteroids?
CORRECT ANSWER : malaise, myalgia, headache,
nausea, fevers, hypotension and relapse of symptoms (pain, inflammation, asthma)
Question 4: What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of
corticosteroid drugs?
CORRECT ANSWER : drugs that suppress inflammation
by mimicking glucocorticoid hormones. Inhibit interleukin one, tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines, impairs phagocytosis, impairs lymphocytes, and inhibits tissue repair
Question 5: What are the indications for corticosteroid
use?
CORRECT ANSWER : Allergy or hypersensitivity,
respiratory, shock, rheumatology, neurology, hepatic, neoplastic... basically every organ is covered if there is an issue.
Question 6: What are some corticosteroid drugs?
CORRECT ANSWER : prednisone, methylprednisolone,
dexamethasone, topical such as hydrocortisone, and then joint injections for pain
Question 7: What are some considerations for
corticosteroid use?
CORRECT ANSWER : suppression patients response to
infections- no live viral vaccines, and have increased
susceptibility to disease. If used over 6 months: Increase
blood glucose, impair immune function (get vaccines), impair wound healing, GI complaints (report black tarry stools), osteoporosis (decreases calcium), anxiety/insomnia, sodium & fluid retention (monitor weight and fluid retention). If on 1 gram or more also prescribe PPI (omeprazole) to prevent PUD.contraindicated with active infection and hypersensitivity
Question 8: What are some examples of NSAIDs
(nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)?
CORRECT ANSWER : Ibuprofen, aspirin, torsdol,
naproxen, Mobic
Question 9: What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of
NSAIDs?
CORRECT ANSWER : NSAIDs inhibit the enzymes
COX I and II. Results in reduction in formation of
prostaglandin precursors and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. COX1- ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin, when this is inhibited you are also inhibiting the prostaglandins that protect the stomach. COX2 - celebrex more stomach protective
Question 10: What is the Arachidonic Acid Cascade?
CORRECT ANSWER : Cell membrane ► Arachidonic
acid ► Cyclooxygenase (COX) ► prostaglandins Or Cell membrane ► Arachidonic acid ► Lipoxygenase ► Leukotrienes
Question 11: What are some drug interactions with
NSAIDs?
CORRECT ANSWER: Pretty much anything that is
highly protein bound. Do not give together with ACE inhibitors - counteracts antihypertensive effect, BetaBlockers - counteracts antihypertensive effect, lithium - increases lithium levels, Anticoagulants - increases bleeding, Antidiabetics - increases hypoglycemic effect