Marine Biology Final Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) A shallow water area below the low tide line and extending over the continental shelf. - Correct Answers ✅Neretic zone The bottom of an aquatic ecosystem; consists of sand and sediment and supports its own community of organisms - Correct Answers ✅Benthic zone The broad, flat portion of the deep-ocean basin - Correct Answers ✅Abyssal plain The area of the ocean past the continental shelf, with areas of open water often reaching to very great depths; open ocean - Correct Answers ✅Pelagic The net horizontal distance over which a water particle moves during one tidal cycle of flood, depends on gravity and centrifugal force - Correct Answers ✅Tide excursion Impacts the magnitude of high/low tides; full moons & new moons-spring tides (high), half moons-neap tides (low), cycle of 24 hours and 50 minutes, month-long cycle - Correct Answers ✅Lunar cycle 1 / 3
Marine Biology Final Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left (think of missile trajectory); can influence tides, winds, and currents - Correct Answers ✅Coriolis effect Northern hemisphere clockwise, Southern hemisphere counterclockwise - Correct Answers ✅Currents Measured in parts per million, higher @ equator than poles due to melting of ice, impacts what kind of life can exist in certain areas - Correct Answers ✅Salinity Shallower water allows greater light penetration therefore more diverse life (coral reefs), blue/violet the only color that is reflected due to wavelength, deeper=darker - Correct Answers ✅Light penetration in sea water Base of many primary producers, eaten by a lesser but still numerous group of primary consumers, followed by secondary consumers, followed by primary consumers of which there are very few - Correct Answers ✅Food pyramid Plant plankton that photosynthesize and are drifters, very important in food chain (ie. diatoms, - Correct Answers ✅Phytoplankton 2 / 3
Marine Biology Final Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Animal plankton that feed on phytoplankton (ie.Octopus/squid larvae [temporarily planktonic], copepods [permanently planktonic]) - Correct Answers ✅Zooplankton Consumes primary consumers & therefore get nutrients from both primary consumers and primary producers - can be carnivorous or omnivorous - Correct Answers ✅Secondary Consumer Gets nutrients from dead organisms - Correct Answers ✅Decomposer Energy flows from sun into primary producers up to top consumers/decomposers, nutrients cycle - Correct Answers ✅Energy in marine communities Process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates - Correct Answers ✅Chemosynthesis Process by which some organisms, plants, use light energy to produce nutrients - Correct Answers ✅Photosynthesis
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