2024 VTNE Math Practice Latest Questions With Complete Grade A Answers
- The attending veterinarian asks you to administer 120 mg of enrofloxacin
(Baytril) IV slow over 20 minutes to a dog that is hospitalized in your clinic. The strength of injectable enrofloxacin is 2.27%, how many milliliters of drug will you administer?
Answer: 5.3 ml
A 2.27% solution is 22.7 mg/ml. 120 mg divided by 22.7 mg/ml = 5.3 mls
- A 120-pound Great Dane has presented with Gastric Dilatation Volvulus. The
clinician has asked you to quickly prepare the drug protocol. As a premedica- tion, the dog is to receive 0.08 mg/kg of Hydromorphone. How many milligrams will you administer?
Answer: 4.4 mg
To calculate milligrams administered the dog's body weight should be converted to kilograms. As a general rule, the majority of medications are dosed in a mil- ligram- per-kilogram dosing. Therefore all body weights need to be converted to kilograms so that you are working in the same units.
120 lb/2.2 = 54.5 kg (There are 2.2 lbs per kilogram)
54.5 kg x (0.08 mg/kg) = 4.4 mg (Notice the "kg" will cancel out when you do the math)
If your answer was 9.6 mg, you did not convert the body weight into kilograms.
- How many milligrams are in 100 ml of a 3% solution?
Answer: 3,000 mg
A 3% solution is equal to 30 mg/mL.Now take 100 mL X 30 mg/mL = 3000 mg= 3 grams (since there are 1000 mg in 1 gram)
- How many milliliters should be administered to a 100-kg patient that needs 50 mg
of a 2.5% solution?
Answer: 2 ml
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Percent is equal to weight (in Grams) / 100 parts volume (in mLs) (This is based on
water since 1 mL weighs 1 Gram):
Example: A 3% solution: 3 Grams / 100 mL or 3000 mg / 100 mL or 30 mg/mL
The easiest way to remember is to just add a zero onto any percentage for the milligrams (i.e. 2% solution = 20 mg/ml; 10% solution = 100 mg/ml, etc.)
In this situation a 2.5% solution is equivalent to 25 mg/ml. Therefore:
50 mg / (25 mg/ml) = 2 ml
- A 4-kg puppy is in need of subcutaneous fluids due to dehydration. The doctor
prescribed a dose of 20 ml/kg. How many milliliters should this patient receive?
Answer: 80 ml
To obtain the answer the following math should have been performed: 4 kg x (20
ml/kg) = 80 ml Notice the kilograms were canceled out.
- A dog presents with a history of coughing and rapid breathing. Radiographs confirm
congestive heart failure (see image). You are asked to administer 2 mg/kg of furosemide IV. The concentration of furosemide is 50 mg/mL. The dog weighs 25 pounds. How many milliliters should you administer to this patient?
Answer: 0.44 mL
The dog is 25 pounds.25 pounds/2.2 pounds per kg= 11.3 kg
Now multiply the dog's weight in kg by the dose you need (2mg/kg): 11kg X 2mg =
22 mg
The dog needs 22 mg. Now divide this dose by the concentration of furosemide (50
mg/mL):
22mg/ 50 = 0.44 mL
- You are instructed to administer 12 liters of sterile isotonic IV fluids via a fluid
pump over the next 24 hours. What is the appropriate fluid rate to administer this volume of IV fluids?
Answer: 500 mL/hour
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