2024 CPPS 303 - Metabolic Disorders 2 Latest Questions & Answers | Graded A+ Solved 100% Correct
- What is dyslipidemia?
Answer: Disrupted lipid homeostasis
- What is atherogenic dyslipidemia?
Answer: abnormal levels of blood lipids that pro- mote the development of
atherosclerosis
- What modulates the spectrum of plasma TG levels?
Answer: Multiple genes working in concert with non-genetic secondary and
environmental contributors
- In the majority of individuals, mutations in multiple genes with interaction from
non-genetic factors result in?
Answer: Altered TG-rich lipoprotein synthesis and catabolism and subsequent
HTG
- What confer a background predisposition that interact with rare large-effect
heterozygous variants in genes that govern synthesis or catabolism of TG_rich lipoproteins, or nongenetic secondary factors, exacerbate the expres sion of the phenotype leading to more severe HTG?
Answer: Common small-effect gene variants
- What is metabolic syndrome?
Answer:
The cooccurence (clustering) of several known cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, atherogenic dyslipi- demia, and hypertension
These conditions are interrelated and share underlying mediators, mechanisms and pathways
It identifies individuals at an elevated risk for ASCVD
- What is the definition of NCEP ATP III metabolic syndrome?
Answer:
Criteria: Any 3 of the five criteria (obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia,
sydlipidemia, hypertension, other)
Obesity: waist circumference >40M >35F Hyperglycemia: fasting glucose > 1 / 2
100mg/dl Dyslipidemia: TG: >150 mg/dl Secondary Dyslipidemia: HDL cholesterol: <40mg/dl
Hypertension >130 mmHg systolic or >85 mmGf diastolic
- What are the central features of metabolic syndrome?
Answer:
Insulin resistance Visceral obesity Atherogenic dyslipidemia (Increase in VLDL production and decrease in VLDL clearance) Endothelial dysfunction
- What is Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)?
Answer:
Damage caused by fat in the diet
Most common cause of chromic liver disease worldwide
- What does NAFLD commonly co-exist with?
Answer: Insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia
- Is there treatment for NAFLD?
Answer: No
- What is NAFL?
Answer: Non-alcoholic fatty liver
steatosis, with or without mild inflammation, not associated with an increase in liver- related morbidity or morality
- What is NASH?
Answer: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Characterised by necroinflammation and faster fibrosis progression than NAFL, can progress to more-severe stages such as cirrhosis and heptocellular carcinoma(HC_.leading eventually to liver failure and liver transplantation.
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