KIN 2236 Final Exam newest 2025 with 250 accurate and

• | P a g e

KIN 2236 Final Exam newest 2025 with 250 accurate and verified questions covering biomechanics, functional anatomy, musculoskeletal movement, and applied kinesiology principles.

What should you check when there is significant MCL injury? - ANSWER-ALWAYS CHECK THE PCL AND ACL because they are the 2nd line of support against that mechanism

Anatomy of the ACL - ANSWER-- Runs from the ant. aspect of tibial plateau to post. medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle

• primary restrain to ant. tibial ext.
• greatest translation occurs at 20-30 degrees

What are the 2 major bundles that are named for their attachment on the tibia (ACL)? - ANSWER-- Anteromedial -- tighter in flexion

• Posterolateral -- tighter in extension

What is the stabilizing role of the ACL? - ANSWER-- weaker of the two cruciate ligaments 1 / 4

• | P a g e

-- functions to restrict posterior translation of the femur relative to the tibia during weight bearing -- restricts anterior translation of the tibia during non weight- bearing --- stops tibia from sliding forward

• but if its fixed, stops femur from sliding backwards

-- also limits excessive rotation of the tibia --- bad collateral (LCL/MCL) issue, check ACL/PCL bc they are the secondary restraints -- secondary support for valgus and varus with collateral ligament damage

• running from front to back

Anatomy of the PCL - ANSWER-- The PCL originates on the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle and inserts posteriorly to intercondylar area of tibia

• passes medially to the ACL
• Larger and stronger than the ACL
• primary restraint to posterior tibial translation
• Greatest translation occurs at 20-30 degrees
• / 4

• | P a g e

What are the 2 major bundles that are named for their attachment on the tibia (PCL)? - ANSWER-- Anterolateral -- Tight in Flexion

• Posteromedial -- Tight in Extension

Stabilizing Role of the PCL - ANSWER-- Stronger of the two cruciate ligaments

• Functions to restrict anterior translation of the femur relative to

the tibia during weight bearing

• restricts posterior translation of the tibia during non-weight

bearing

• Also limits hyper-internal rotation
• Secondary support for valgus and varus with collateral

ligament damage

• running from top-down (anterior translation)

-- fixed on ground vs fixed femur

Screw Home Mechanism and the PCL - ANSWER-- when it goes into extension (passive, balls slide into the cavities -- bends around posteromedial bundle (can be shared w/ the wrong type of movement)

• / 4

• | P a g e

The Meniscus - ANSWER-- One believed to be a useless remnant of intra-articular attachments

• Serve essential roles in maintaining knees function

-- stabilize knee by increasing concavity of tibia (better bony fit, stability) which gives the femoral condyles something to sit in -- shock absorption --- full extension = 45-50% of load --- 90 degree flexion = 85% load --- compression facilitates distribution of nutrients

The Medial Meniscus - ANSWER-- C-shaped

• Larger radius of curvature
• Tight connection with capsule and MCL
• Poor mobility increases tear on medial side

The Lateral Meniscus - ANSWER-- O-shaped

• Smaller (tighter) radius of curvature

-- more mobile and torn (bad news, torn and loose)

• Attached loosely to capsule and popliteal tendon
• Increased mobility
• / 4